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超加工食品

超加工食品,或超級加工食品(英語:ultra-processed food, UPF)是由天然食品英语Natural food或其他有機成分工業方式製造的食品[1][2]。這些食品經常被設計得口感極佳英语Hyperpalatable food方便利潤豐厚,這通常是因為加入了如防腐劑食用色素調味料食品添加物[3]

2023年,對於超加工食品及其影響的研究進展日新月異[4]營養流行病學英语Nutritional epidemiology數據顯示,過多食用這些食品可能增加罹患肥胖二型糖尿病心血管疾病和某些癌症的風險[5]。另外,有研究者認為,食品的超級加工也是食品工業對環境造成的傷害之一[6]。有研究顯示,超級加工食物除了會影響身體健康外,還會影響腦部健康,包括心智情緒精神健康,有導致抑鬱等風險。[7][8]另一項研究顯示,進食超加工食物,是導致現今青少年不快樂的三大主要原因之一。[9]此外,有研究也發現,進食過多超加工食物,會導致認知功能和執行功能下降。[10]

一般而言,薯條、餅乾、蘋果派都屬於超級加工食物。[10]


參考文獻

[编辑]
  1. ^ Monteiro, Carlos. The big issue is ultra-processing. World Nutrition. 2010, 1 (6): 237–269 [2023-10-29]. ISSN 2041-9775. (原始内容存档于2023-12-15) (英语). 
  2. ^ Monteiro, Carlos. The big issue is ultra-processing. Why bread, hot dogs – and margarine – are ultra-processed. World Nutrition. 2011, 2 (10): 534–549 [2023-10-29]. ISSN 2041-9775. (原始内容存档于2024-01-21) (英语). 
  3. ^ Monteiro, Carlos A.; Cannon, Geoffrey; Levy, Renata B; Moubarac, Jean-Claude; Louzada, Maria L. C.; Rauber, Fernanda; Khandpur, Neha; Cediel, Gustavo; Neri, Daniela; Martinez-Steele, Euridice; Baraldi, Larissa G.; Jaime, Patricia C. Ultra-processed foods: what they are and how to identify them. Public Health Nutrition. 2019, 22 (5): 936–941. ISSN 1368-9800. PMC 10260459可免费查阅. PMID 30744710. doi:10.1017/S1368980018003762可免费查阅 (英语). 
  4. ^ Touvier, Mathilde; Louzada, Maria Laura da Costa; Mozaffarian, Dariush; Baker, Phillip; Juul, Filippa; Srour, Bernard. Ultra-processed foods and cardiometabolic health: public health policies to reduce consumption cannot wait. BMJ. 2023-10-09, 383: e075294. ISSN 1756-1833. PMC 10561017可免费查阅. PMID 37813465. doi:10.1136/bmj-2023-075294可免费查阅 (英语). 
  5. ^ Pagliai, G.; Dinu, M.; Madarena, M. P.; Bonaccio, M.; Iacoviello, L.; Sofi, F. Consumption of ultra-processed foods and health status: a systematic review and meta-analysis. British Journal of Nutrition. 2021-02-14, 125 (3): 308–318. ISSN 0007-1145. PMC 7844609可免费查阅. PMID 32792031. doi:10.1017/S0007114520002688 (英语). 
  6. ^ Leite, Fernanda Helena Marrocos; Khandpur, Neha; Andrade, Giovanna Calixto; Anastasiou, Kim; Baker, Phillip; Lawrence, Mark; Monteiro, Carlos Augusto. Ultra-processed foods should be central to global food systems dialogue and action on biodiversity. BMJ Global Health. 2022-03-01, 7 (3): e008269. ISSN 2059-7908. PMC 8895941可免费查阅. PMID 35346976. doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2021-008269 (英语). 
  7. ^ <cite web|url=https://www.natgeomedia.com/science/article/content-16827.html%7Ctitle=「超加工食品」不只有害健康──還會擾亂你的心智%7Cpublisher=國家地理雜誌%7Carchive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240306110452/https://www.natgeomedia.com/science/article/content-16827.html%7Carchive-date=2024-03-06%7Curl-status=live))
  8. ^ 美研究:大量吃超加工食品 抑鬱風險增. 明報. [2024-03-15]. (原始内容存档于2024-03-15). 
  9. ^ 71 國 40 萬人研究,揭開青少年不開心三大元兇. 科技新報. [2024-03-15]. (原始内容存档于2024-03-15). 報告指出現代社會可能出現的不同禍害,包括越來越年輕就使用智慧型手機、過度加工食品以及家庭關係的破裂。每天食用超加工食品的人中,有超過一半的人感到苦惱或精神健康困擾,而很少或從不食用超加工食品的人中,比例只有 18%。 
  10. ^ 10.0 10.1 哈佛大學刊物:「6大超加工食品」別碰!吃多恐變笨、致癌. ETtoday. [2024-03-15]. (原始内容存档于2024-03-15). 
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超加工食品
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