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象山书院

象山书院,最初称为象山精舍,由陆九渊及其学生彭世昌于1187年创办,地点在江西贵溪上清镇东南的应天山,象山精舍的宗旨是:"明理"、"志道"、"做人"。由于陆九渊的影响力,象山精舍吸引了成百上千的问学者。1191年 (绍熙二年),陆九渊离开精舍后,第二年即去世,象山书院后趋于衰落。

1231年 (绍定四年),象山精舍迁建于贵溪县城河对岸的三峰山下徐岩,第二年得诏赐"象山书院"匾额,书院逐渐发展兴旺。此后元朝时趋于没落。1484年 (明成化二十年),再度奉诏修缮象山书院,正德嘉靖年间,象山书院更加发展壮大。但到了1579年 (明万历七年),由于张居正的影响,象山书院跟其他许多书院一样被废除。明朝时期,象山书院与白鹿洞书院鹅湖书院白鹭洲书院并列为江西四大书院。

清朝时期,在江西先后出现过

  • 万安山象山书院,始于1745年 (乾隆十年),位于贵溪城西巍峙溪旁万安山,知县彭之锦所倡;
  • 梅花墩象山书烷,始于1810年 (清嘉庆十五年);
  • 旧当铺象山书院、始于1863年 (同治二年),知县周葭浦所倡;
  • 金溪象山书院,1233年,陈泳之在陆九渊故乡金溪建造一所象山书院。

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象山书院
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