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询问握手认证协议.
「Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol」的各地常用譯名 |
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中国大陸 | 质询握手认证协议、握手认证协议、挑战握手验证协议、询问握手认证协议 |
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臺灣 | 挑戰握手鑑別協定、詰問交握鑑別協定、交手鑑別協定 |
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询问握手认证协议(Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol,CHAP),又名為挑战握手验证协议,质询握手认证协议是一个用来验证用戶或網絡提供者的協議。負責提供驗證服務的機構,可以是互聯網服務供應商,又或是其他的驗證機構。通过三次握手周期性的校验对端的身份,可在初始链路建立时完成时,在链路建立之后重复进行。
RFC 1994详细定义了CHAP這個協議。
CHAP 用于使用3次握手周期性的验证对端身份。在链路建立初始化时这样做,也可以在链路建立后任何时间重复验证。
以下這個例子說明,如果 A 要向 B 進行驗證,所需進行的步驟:
- 在連線建立之後,使用者 A 會發出一個“challenge”信息給使用者 B。
- 當 B 在收到這個訊息後,會使用 hash function,像是 MD5 來計算出雜湊值。
- 之後 B 會將這個雜湊值送回去給 A。
- A 在收到之後,也會使用自身的 hash function 將原本的“challenge”信息運算,得到一組雜湊值。
- 此時 A 就可以比較:自己算出來的這組與收到(從B來)的雜湊值是否相同,如果相同,則通過驗證。
- 之後 B 也可以彷照上述方法,向 A 進行驗證。
CHAP通过增量改变标识和“challenge-value”的值避免重放攻击。验证的两端都需要知道“challenge”信息的明文,但不会在互联网上传播。
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