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角质形成细胞

表皮中角质形成细胞、基底细胞和黑素细胞的显微照片
小鼠皮肤中的角质形成细胞(已染绿)

角质形成细胞(英語:keratinocyte),是构成表皮的主要细胞成分,分层排列[1],也是皮肤的最外层,占人类表皮细胞90%[2]。角质形成细胞除了可以合成角蛋白,也可作为非专职抗原提呈细胞,可产生多种细胞因子,参与固有免疫应答及皮肤炎症反应。

功能

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角质形成细胞的主要功能是抵御热量紫外线脱水病原细菌真菌寄生物病毒等环境因素对机体可能造成的损伤。

病原体侵入表皮上层后,角质形成细胞会产生促炎性细胞因子,尤其是CXCL10和CCL2(MCP-1)等趋化因子,将单核细胞自然杀伤细胞T细胞树突状细胞诱导至病原体侵入处[3]

另見

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参考资料

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  1. ^ 人体解剖学与组织胚胎学名词审定委员会. 组织学与胚胎学名词. 北京: 科学出版社. 2014: 66 [2021-05-17]. ISBN 978-7-03-040573-9. OCLC 910799822. (原始内容存档于2020-07-27) (中文). 
  2. ^ McGrath JA. Rook's Textbook of Dermatology 7th. Blackwell Publishing. 2004: 4190. ISBN 978-0-632-06429-8. doi:10.1002/9780470750520.ch3. 
  3. ^ Murphy, Kenneth (Kenneth M.). Janeway's immunobiology. Weaver, Casey Ninth. New York, NY, USA. 2017: 112. ISBN 9780815345053. OCLC 933586700. 
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角质形成细胞
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