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西河郡 (魏國)

西河郡河西郡中國戰國時期魏國所置,後併入秦國之中,大約今陝西渭南一帶。

历史

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魏國的河西郡,因黃河在今山西陝西交界處之河段,当时常被稱為西河,得名。西河郡轄域大約在今陝西省華陰以北,延安以南,洛水以東,黃河以西地區[1]。前409年,魏文侯吳起起兵攻入今陝西關中地區,攻取今洛河以東的關中地區,並在此設西河郡。魏文侯因吴起“善用兵,廉平,尽能得士心”,任命他为西河,以拒秦国、韩国[2]。之後,魏秦雙方展開長期爭奪河西地區的戰爭

前332年秦遣公孫衍大舉攻魏,首尾經歷兩年,攻取魏上郡雕陰(今陝西甘泉南),俘魏主將龍賈,斬首八萬。魏國防守上郡、西河郡的主力被秦一舉殲滅,次年魏即以西河郡與秦國[3],秦國劃歸內史管轄。

註釋及徵引文獻

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  1. ^ 《戰國史》,頁675。
  2. ^ 史记 卷六十五 孙子吴起列传第五》
  3. ^ 《戰國史》,頁346-347。

參考文獻

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  • 楊寬,1997,《戰國史》,台北,台灣商務印書館
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西河郡 (魏國)
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