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衡山之谋

衡山之谋原出于管子一书,是管仲齐桓公商讨应对衡山国的谋略讨论。但春秋时期并不存在衡山国,所以该则故事是后人假托管仲齐桓公所为。现今有人认为这是古代的一次利用经济击溃敌国的战例。

出處

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关于衡山之谋的讨论,出自管子輕重戊第八十四篇。

经过

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桓公问管仲说;“我要找一个控制衡山国的办法,应怎样进行?”管仲回答说;“主公可派人出高价收购衡山国的兵器进行转卖。这样,燕国代国一定跟着您去买,秦国赵国听说后,一定跟您争着买。衡山兵器必然涨价一倍。若造成天下争购的局面,衡山兵器必然涨价十倍以上。”桓公说:“好。”便派人到衡山大量收购兵器,不與他们討价还价。齐国在衡山收购兵器十个月以后,燕、代两国听说,果然也派人去买。燕、代开展这项工作三个月以后,秦国听说,果然也派人去买。衡山君告诉其相国说:“天下各国都争购我国兵器,可把价钱再提高十倍以上賣出。”衡山国的百姓于是都放弃农业來发展制造兵器的工艺。齐国又派隰朋到赵国购运粮食,赵国粮价每石十五钱,隰朋則以每石五十钱收购。天下各国知道后,都运粮到齐国来卖。齐国用十七个月的时间收购兵器,用五个月的时间收购粮食,然后就封闭了关卡,断绝与衡山国的往来。燕、代、秦、赵四国也从衡山召回了使者。衡山国的兵器已经卖光,鲁国侵占了衡山的南部,齐国侵占了衡山的北部。衡山國自認没有兵器招架两國,便奉国而降齐了。

結果

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鲁国攻占衡山国的南部,齐国攻占衡山国的北部,衡山国看自己已经没有足够械器抗衡两国,只好举手投降。[1]

现代研究

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2000年代,此内容被研究者认为是古代“货币战争”的一种形式,即通过提高物价水平,拖垮敌国的经济。[2][3]

参考

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  1. ^ 管子 輕重戊第八十四
  2. ^ 齐桓公的货币战争. [2011-07-14]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-05). 
  3. ^ 《中国古代经济三十六计·制衡山之谋》案例分析. [2011-07-14]. (原始内容存档于2010-06-22). 
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衡山之谋
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