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蜜蠟石

蜜蠟石
基本資料
類別有機礦物
化学式Al2[C6(COO)6]·16H2O
IMA記號Mel[1]
施特龙茨分类10.AC.05
晶体分类雙四方雙錐體 (4/mmm)
H-M記號:(4/m 2/m 2/m)
晶体空间群I41/acd
晶胞a = 15.53 Å, c = 23.19 Å; Z = 8
性質
顏色蜜黃色、深紅色、淺紅色、棕色、灰色、白色
晶体惯态細長的雙錐棱柱體;作為結節和包衣,細粒塊狀
晶系四方
解理{023}差
断口貝殼狀
韌性/脆性略微可切
莫氏硬度2-2.5
光澤玻璃光澤、樹脂光澤、油脂光澤
條痕白色
透明性透明到半透明
比重1.64
光學性質單軸 (-) 可能異常雙軸
折射率nω = 1.539 nε = 1.511
双折射δ = 0.028
多色性弱;O = 黃褐色;E = 黃色
發光性淡黃色至藍色(短波&長波UV)
其他特徵熱釋電性
參考文獻[2][3][4]

蜜蠟石(英語:Mellite)是一種稀有的有機礦物,化學成分為苯六甲酸鹽,化學式為Al2C6(COO)6·16H2O。[4]

它是一種半透明的蜂蜜晶體,可以拋光和刻面成寶石。它以四方晶系結晶,並以良好晶體和無定形塊體形式出現。它很柔軟,莫氏硬度為2到2.5,比重為1.6。[2][4]

它最初於1789年在德國圖林根州的Artern被發現。 隨後在俄羅斯奧地利捷克共和國匈牙利也發現了它。 它的英文名來源於希臘語μέλιmeli,意為“蜂蜜”),[5]暗指它的顏色。[3]

它被發現與褐煤有關,推斷它是由植物材料和來自黏土的鋁形成的。[2]

切割和拋光后的蜜蠟石寶石

結構

[编辑]

蜜蠟石的晶體結構已通過中子衍射確定,由輕微變形的Al(H2O)63+八面體組成,通過氫鍵與[C6(COO)6]6−苯六甲酸鹽陰離子和結晶水相連。[6]

参考资料

[编辑]
  1. ^ Warr, L.N. IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine. 2021, 85 (3): 291–320 [2022-10-16]. Bibcode:2021MinM...85..291W. S2CID 235729616. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43. (原始内容存档于2021-11-19). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/mellite.pdf页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) Handbook of Mineralogy
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Mellite. [2016-01-28]. (原始内容存档于2010-12-04). 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 http://webmineral.com/data/Mellite.shtml页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) Webmineral data
  5. ^ μέλι. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project.
  6. ^ Robl, Christian; Kuhs, Werner F. A neutron diffraction study on hydrogen bonding in the mineral mellite (Al2[C6(COO)6] · 16H2O) at 15 K. J. Solid State Chem. 1991, 92 (1): 101–109. Bibcode:1991JSSCh..92..101R. doi:10.1016/0022-4596(91)90246-E. 
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蜜蠟石
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