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薩卡里巴

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薩卡里巴(Saqaliba),是中世纪时在阿拉伯世界北非西西里伊比利亞半島活动的斯拉夫奴隶与商人。语源来自拜占廷语的saqlab, siklab, saqlabi等,也指中歐与东歐的奴隶。

波斯史家提到两种薩卡里巴:一种膚色黝黑住在島中,另一种淺膚色的生活在大陸,他们來源地是基辅摩尔多瓦,也有人说他们來自巴尔干中部,他们勇敢而暴力。拜占廷史家说660年穆阿威叶一世置5000人在敘利亚。

他们是被中亚奴隶商人与拉特纳犹太人,通过拜占廷帶到北非与伊比利亞半島。他们在伊斯兰世界充任仆人、閹人、士兵、工匠、后宮女奴与哈里发侍卫。

東欧伏尔加保加利亚(Volga Bulgaria)汗王阿爾米斯(Almış)被伊斯兰史家伊本·法德蘭(Ibn Fadlan)称为“薩卡里巴之王”。

参考文献

  • Islam in the Balkans: religion and society between Europe and the Arab world, by H. T. Norris
  • The Historical Encyclopedia of World Slavery: A-K ; Vol. II, L-Z, by Junius P. Rodriguez


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薩卡里巴
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