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基本点.
基點(basis point,bp)的定義為“百分之零點零一”(0.01%)或“一個百分點的一百分之一”,是一種“萬分比”,可用數學符號 ‱(萬分號)表示。它在計算利率、匯率及交易佣金等範疇被廣泛應用,因為這些範疇須要牽涉極微小百分數的計算。
在香港的中文裏,數值和“點子”之間習慣不加“個”字(即通常說三點子,而非三個點子)。百分點則一定要加“個”字(只可說0.03個百分點)。點子也可称其为基点。
- 100‱ = 1%(一百點子 = 百分之一)
- 10000‱ = 100% = 1(一萬點子 = 百分之一百 = 一)
|
百分比 |
千分比 |
萬分比 |
百萬分比 |
十億分比 |
万亿分比
|
百分比
|
1 |
10 |
100 |
104 |
107 |
1010
|
千分比
|
0.1 |
1 |
10 |
103 |
106 |
109
|
萬分比
|
0.01 |
0.1 |
1 |
102 |
105 |
108
|
百萬分比
|
10-4 |
10-3 |
10-2 |
1 |
103 |
106
|
十億分比
|
10-7 |
10-6 |
10-5 |
10-3 |
1 |
103
|
万亿分比
|
10-10 |
10-9 |
10-8 |
10-6 |
10-3 |
1
|
在比較百分數時,除了可以用百分點之外,兩個百分數之間細微的差距也可用點子來表達。例如4.02%與4.05%相差0.03個百分點,也即是相差3點子。
金融
金融機構的外匯報價中,基點(pips)指最小的價格變動。
例如,美元兌加元1.3456,最小的變動是0.0001,此時一點子是0.0001。
美元兌日圓110.89,最小的變動是0.01,此時一點子是0.01。
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