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莙薘菜

莙薘菜
莙薘菜
科学分类 编辑
界: 植物界 Plantae
演化支 维管植物 Tracheophyta
演化支 被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支 真双子叶植物 Eudicots
目: 石竹目 Caryophyllales
科: 莧科 Amaranthaceae
属: 甜菜屬 Beta
种:
甜菜 B. vulgaris
亚种:
莙薘菜 B. v. subsp. cicla
三名法
Beta vulgaris subsp. cicla
(L.) K.Koch
異名[1][2]
  • Beta vulgaris var. cicla L. (basionym)

莙薘菜Beta vulgaris subsp. cicla[1],即叶用甜菜,俗语又叫牛皮菜厚皮菜猪乸菜勺菜客家語),莧科菾屬的耐寒性一年生二年生草本葉菜,是甜菜的一個變種。常見於地中海料理。 莙薘菜原产欧洲南部,公元5世纪由阿拉伯传入中国[3]。雖然菜葉常綠,但其葉柄顏色多變,有綠色、紅色等多種顏色[4]

營養價值

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莙薘菜的營養價值非常高,尤其是維生素A的含量,每一百公克高達6100Im,比芹菜、萵苣高出很多,在眾中蔬菜中名列前茅。莙薘菜經過裁培,營養都聚集到葉片,不像甜菜聚在根莖[5]。因此,莙薘菜被譽為是其中一種最健康的菜,常用於健康餐單裡[6]

經濟價值

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莙薘菜主根明顯,深入土壤,因而耐旱性比一般葉菜類強。此外,莙薘菜亦能耐病蟲害,在消費者重視農藥殘留問題的趨勢下,近年來莙薘菜在台灣逐漸受到消費者的青睞。莙薘菜另有一項其他蔬菜少見的特色,即收成時既非割刈,亦非整株拉拔,因為摘除下位葉片後,生長點會不斷抽長出新葉片。因此,莙薘菜栽種一次可以持續採擷數個月之久。

烹调

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浙江金华的三月青炒千张

莙薘菜虽然味道微苦,但在世界各地方的料理均有出现。

華南地區一般都是灼熟、用蒜頭煮或煮湯[7],用以去掉苦味,口感也媲美烫菠菜。莙薘菜的幼苗可以用来拌沙拉。

圖片

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参考文献

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 This plant, treated as a subspecies of Beta vulgaris, was first published in Synopsis der Deutschen und Schweizer Flora 2: 720. 1846. Its basionym is B. vulgaris var. cicla L. Name - Beta vulgaris subsp. cicla (L.) W.D.J.Koch. Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. [2011-08-26]. (原始内容存档于2018-10-17) (英语). Basionym: Beta vulgaris var. cicla L. 
  2. ^ The basionym of B. vulgaris subsp. cicla (B. vulgaris var. cicla L.) was originally described and published in Species Plantarum 1: 222. 1753. Name - Beta vulgaris var. cicla L.. Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. [2011-08-26]. (原始内容存档于2018-09-18) (英语). Annotation: as "Cicla" 
  3. ^ 见《中文百科在线》“牛皮菜”词条。. [2012-07-31]. (原始内容存档于2012-07-30). 
  4. ^ Recipes for Health: Chard. The New York Times. 2011-11-17 [2012-12-14]. (原始内容存档于2015-09-06) (英语). 
  5. ^ What is Chard?. Wise Geek. 2011-11-17 [2012-12-14]. (原始内容存档于2020-12-04) (英语). 
  6. ^ World's Healthiest Foods: Swiss chard - What's New and Beneficial About Swiss Chard. George Mateljan Foundation. 2011-11-17 [2012-12-14]. (原始内容存档于2021-04-21) (英语). 
  7. ^ 何廣義、康翠瑩,《真情‧康翠瑩》,2012年12月11日13:30 EST
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莙薘菜
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