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苻柳.
苻柳(?—368年),中國五胡十六國時代人物,前秦开国皇帝苻健的第八子。
前秦皇始元年(351年)正月二十日,苻健即天王、大单于位,立国号为大秦,改年号为皇始,封苻柳为晋公。次年,苻柳进封晋王。355年,太子苻苌死后,强皇后想立小儿子晋王苻柳,前秦国主苻健认为谶文中有“三羊五眼”的字样,于是就立苻生为太子。苻生即位后,任命晋王苻柳为征东大将军、并州牧,镇守蒲阪。356年,前秦征东大将军、晋王苻柳派参军阎负、梁殊出使前凉,带去书信游说前凉王张玄靓。张玄靓向前秦称臣。357年,苻坚杀苻生称天王,苻柳降为晋公,为车骑大将军、尚书令。十月,张平进犯秦地,苻坚让苻柳都督并、冀州诸军事,为并州牧,镇守蒲阪,抵御张平。364年,汝南公苻腾反叛苻坚,被诛杀。苻生的弟弟们还有晋公苻柳等五人,王猛对苻坚说:“不去五公,终必为患。”苻坚考虑到苻双是自己的同母弟,苻柳是伯父苻健喜爱的儿子,没有追究。
及後,苻柳與征西大将军、秦州刺史赵公苻双,镇东将军、洛州刺史魏公苻廋,安西将军、雍州刺史燕公苻武谋划作乱,苻坚听说后,征召苻柳等人前往长安。建元三年(367年)十月,苻柳占据蒲阪,苻双占据上邽,苻廋占据陕城(今河南三门峡市西),苻武占据安定郡,全都起兵反叛苻坚。苻坚遣使劝谕他们,让他们各自咬梨交给使者,作为表示听从劝告的信物。苻柳、苻双、苻廋、苻武四人都没有照办。晋公苻柳多次挑战,王猛不应。苻柳以为王猛害怕,建元四年(368年),五月,留长子苻良守蒲阪,自己率兵二万西进长安。刚离开蒲阪一百多里,邓羌率七千精骑夜袭苻柳。苻柳率军撤返,王猛半路截击,俘获全部苻柳兵众。苻柳和与百骑逃进蒲阪城中,九月,王猛攻下了蒲阪,斩杀了晋公苻柳和他的妻儿。
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