苦瓜属
苦瓜属
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| 新加坡种植白玉苦瓜 | |
科学分类 
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| 界： | 植物界 Plantae |
| 演化支： | 维管植物 Tracheophyta |
| 演化支： | 被子植物 Angiosperms |
| 演化支： | 真双子叶植物 Eudicots |
| 演化支： | 蔷薇类植物 Rosids |
| 目： | 葫芦目 Cucurbitales |
| 科： | 葫芦科 Cucurbitaceae |
| 亚科： | 葫芦亚科 Cucurbitoideae |
| 族： | 苦瓜族 Momordiceae |
| 属： | 苦瓜属 Momordica L., 1753 |
| 模式種 | |
| 苦瓜 Momordica charantia L., 1753
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| 多样性[1] | |
| 约50种 | |
苦瓜属（学名：Momordica）是葫芦科下的一个属，为一年生或多年生藤本植物。该属共有约50种，分布于热带、亚热带地区。[1][2]
苦瓜通常也指绿色的长型苦瓜，其他也可能包括白玉苦瓜、长白苦瓜、山苦瓜、黑苦瓜等等。
属名Momordica来源于拉丁语momordi，意为“咬”，指果实种子成啮齿状。
分类
[编辑]本属属于葫芦亚科，独自归类于苦瓜族，受承认的物种约有50个左右，如下[1]：
- 安哥拉苦瓜 Momordica angolensis R.Fern.
- Momordica angustisepala Harms
- Momordica anigosantha Hook.f.
- Momordica argillicola Thulin
- 胶苦瓜 Momordica balsamina L.
- Momordica boivinii Baill.
- Momordica cabrae (Cogn.) C.Jeffrey
- Momordica calantha Gilg
- Momordica camerounensis Keraudren
- Momordica cardiospermoides Klotzsch
- 苦瓜 Momordica charantia L.
- Momordica cissoides Planch. ex Cogn.
- Momordica clarkeana King
- 木鳖果 Momordica cochinchinensis (Lour.) Spreng.
- Momordica cordata Cogn.
- Momordica corymbifera Hook.f.
- Momordica cymbalaria Fenzl ex Naudin
- Momordica denticulata Miq.
- Momordica denudata (Thwaites) C.B.Clarke
- 云南木鳖 Momordica dioica Roxb. ex Willd.
- Momordica dissecta Baker
- Momordica enneaphylla Cogn.
- Momordica foetida Schumach.
- Momordica friesiorum (Harms) C.Jeffrey
- Momordica gilgiana Cogn.
- Momordica glabra Zimm.
- Momordica henriquesii Cogn.
- Momordica humilis (Cogn.) C.Jeffrey
- Momordica jeffreyana Keraudren
- Momordica kirkii (Hook.f.) C.Jeffrey
- Momordica leiocarpa Gilg
- Momordica littorea Thulin
- Momordica macrosperma (Cogn.) Chiov.
- Momordica mossambica H.Schaef.
- Momordica multiflora Hook.f.
- Momordica obtusisepala Keraudren
- Momordica parvifolia Cogn.
- Momordica peteri Zimm.
- Momordica pterocarpa Hochst. ex A.Rich.
- Momordica racemiflora Cogn.
- Momordica repens Bremek.
- Momordica rostrata Zimm.
- Momordica sahyadrica Kattuk. & V.T.Antony
- Momordica sessilifolia Cogn.
- Momordica silvatica Jongkind
- Momordica spinosa (Gilg) Chiov.
- 凹萼木鳖 Momordica subangulata Blume
- Momordica trifolia L.
- Momordica trifoliolata Hook.f.
- Momordica welwitschii Hook.f.
参考文献
[编辑]- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Momordica L.. Plants of the World Online. Kew Science. [2020-12-05]. （原始内容存档于2021-01-11） （英语）.
- ^ 中国种子植物科属词典. 中国数字植物标本馆. （原始内容存档于2012-04-11）.
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