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艺文类聚.
《艺文类聚》是唐高祖李渊下令编修的类书,给事中欧阳询主编,其他參與人員還有秘书丞令令狐德棻、侍中陈叔达、太子詹事裴矩、詹事府主簿赵弘智、齐王府文学袁朗等十餘人。武德七年(624年)成书。《艺文类聚》、《北堂书钞》、《初学记》、《白氏六帖》合稱“唐代四大类书”。
章節
《艺文类聚》是中国现存最早的类书之一,征引古籍1431种,保存了唐代以前大量的诗文歌赋等珍贵文学作品,其中许多篇章早已失传。此书100卷,分46部,设727个子目,全书约百餘万言。分类按目编次,故事在前,均注出处。所引诗文,均注时代。
部
〈天〉、〈岁时〉、〈地〉、〈州〉、〈郡〉、〈山〉、〈水〉、〈符命〉、〈帝王〉、〈后妃〉、〈储宫〉、〈人〉、〈礼〉、〈乐〉、〈职官〉、〈封爵〉、〈治政〉、〈刑法〉、〈杂文〉、〈武〉、〈军器〉、〈居处〉、〈产业〉、〈衣冠〉、〈仪饰〉、〈服饰〉、〈舟车〉、〈食物〉、〈杂器物〉、〈巧艺〉、〈方术〉、〈内典〉、〈灵异〉、〈火〉、〈药香草〉、〈宝玉〉、〈百谷〉、〈布帛〉、〈果〉、〈木〉、〈鸟〉、〈兽〉、〈鳞介〉、〈虫豸〉、〈祥瑞〉、〈灾异〉。
評價
欧阳询在《艺文类聚序》中说:“九流百氏,为说不同”,“欲摘其菁华,采其指事”。作者谙于题目,并按不同的文体,用“诗”、“赋”、“赞”、“箴”等字标明类别。和其他类书相比,此书在辑存文献的方法上有一个很大的特色,就是把“事”与“文”两条龙併成了一条龙,变更了类书的常规体制,也即事与文兼。这种编纂方法对后来的类书影响很大,《永乐大典》和《古今图书集成》等都受到这种编纂方法的影响[1]。
《艺文类聚》亦有後人偽造的文章,如卷4《正月十五日》条,引有苏味道、崔液之诗,當時欧阳询已去世六十多年。
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