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胡汉分治

胡汉分治十六国时期诸胡族统治者实行的民族分治政策。西晋末年,匈奴贵族刘渊建立汉国,设单于左辅、右辅,专治理胡人。所谓胡人即泛指北方诸胡族。其子刘聪继位后,进一步健全胡汉分治制度,以子刘粲为大单于,设左右辅,各管六夷10万落,每万落置一都尉;另设左右司隶,专治理汉人,各管20余万户,每万户置一内史,共43内史。其实质是依靠和利用匈奴及其他胡人贵族压迫汉人。羯族首领石勒建立后赵,也设内史专治理汉人,另置大单于镇抚百蛮。后赵抬高羯族地位,称为“国人”。严禁称“胡”,凡胡物都改名。虽然石勒严禁胡人欺凌汉族官僚地主,但实际并无收效,有时汉族高官也不能幸免。鲜卑贵族建立的后燕政权在后期也实行胡汉分治政策。这种政策加剧了当时的民族矛盾

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胡汉分治
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