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胎儿镜检查

胎兒鏡檢查
Fetal endoscope
ICD-9-CM75.31
MeSHD005332

胎兒鏡檢查是婦女懷孕期間的內鏡手術程序,該程序藉由手術接近胎兒羊膜囊臍帶和胎兒側邊的胎盤。在腹部切一個3—4mm的小切口,然後將內視鏡穿過腹壁英语Abdominal wall子宮插入羊膜腔。胎兒鏡檢查允許進行醫療介入,例如活檢(組織樣本)或用雷射阻塞異常血管(例如絨毛膜血管瘤英语chorioangioma)或治療脊柱裂[1]

子宮鏡檢查通常在懷孕的中後期階段進行。該程序可能會使胎兒面臨不良後果的風險增加,包括流產或早產,因此必須仔細權衡風險和益惡處,以保護母親和胎兒的健康。該程序通常由婦產科醫生手術室中進行。

歷史

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1945年,Björn Westin發表了一項研究,說明了他使用內視鏡直接觀察胚胎的情況。[2] 1966年,Agüero等人發表了一項使用宮腔鏡研究,用於觀察胎兒,子宮頸和子宮的各種特徵。[2] 1972年,紐約州立大學下州醫學中心英语SUNY Downstate Medical Center的Carlo Valenti記錄了一項他稱之為“內窺鏡檢查”的技術,該技術可直接觀察發育中的胎兒。[3]Gallinat於1978年首次嘗試標準化這些技術。[2]

由於這些程序具有侵入性,並且會對胎兒造成高風險,因此在1990年代以前,這些技術被大量棄用,轉而偏好採用陰道超聲波英语Vaginal ultrasonography檢查[2]。但那時已開發出較小的儀器,可以減少胎兒的風險並為醫生提供更好的視覺效果。反過來進而允許發展用醫療介入技術的外科手術,如活檢[2]。1993年,卡倫(Cullen),吉拉爾迪尼(Ghirardini)和里斯(Reece)等人將此技術稱為“胎兒鏡檢查”[2]

2000年代後,微創外科胎兒鏡檢查領域持續地在發展。諸如Michael Belfort和Ruben Quintero的醫師已使用該技術去除子宮內胎兒的腫瘤並糾正脊柱裂。[4][5]

非手術性胎兒鏡檢查

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Fetoscopy是指用稱為胎兒鏡(fetoscope)的光纖設備所進行的手術。有些診療方式會透過特殊的聽診器(例如皮纳德角多普勒超聲),監聽胎兒心律(fetal heart rate、FHR)。這類的監聽診療工具也稱為胎兒鏡(fetoscopes),但和手術無關。

相關條目

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參考資料

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  1. ^ Kohl, Thomas. Percutaneous minimally invasive fetoscopic surgery for spina bifida aperta. Part I: surgical technique and perioperative outcome.Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2014; 44: 515–524
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Perez-Medina, Tirso; Font, Enrique Cayuela. Diagnostic and Operative Hysteroscopy. JP Medical Ltd. 2011-04-30 [2019-12-04]. ISBN 9789380704692. (原始内容存档于2018-09-02) (英语). 
  3. ^ Valenti, C. Endoamnioscopy and fetal biopsy: a new technique.. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 15 October 1972, 114 (4): 561–4. PMID 4653838. doi:10.1016/0002-9378(72)90220-7. 
  4. ^ To Mend a Birth Defect, Surgeons Operate on the Patient Within the Patient. [2018-09-01]. (原始内容存档于2021-04-21) (英语). 
  5. ^ Sarah B. Pilchick. Renowned surgeon Ruben Quintero joins Miller Faculty. The Miami Hurricane. 2009-01-21 [2012-05-03]. (原始内容存档于2020-08-09). 

外部連結

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胎儿镜检查
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