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肤施.
膚施,中國古地名,位於今中華人民共和國陕西省延安市。
戰國時期,膚施為魏國河西之地的領土。公元前328年,此地被秦國併吞,成為上郡的郡治所在。根據《水經注》,當時膚施位於今榆林市南,橫林縣東。607年(隋朝大業3年),膚施縣治移到今陝西省延安市。
趙國滅中山國後,將其王遷至膚施。傳統上認為此地指的是榆林市一帶。李零認為,當時此地為秦國所有,趙國不可能將中山王遷至此地。他根據戰國錢幣,認為趙國也有一地名為膚施,在今山西五臺縣,靈壽古城西北[1]。
- ^ 李零:《再説滹沱-趙惠文王遷中山王於膚施考》:「膚施,本來是魏國的河西之地。……公元前 328 年,榆林的膚施從魏地變爲秦地,它是上郡的郡治所在,一直被秦佔領。公元前296 年,這個膚施還在秦的手裏,未曾易主。……已經有十幾件上郡戈,……大體上 是秦惠文王後元到秦昭襄王晚年的器
物。它們可以證明,趙惠文王滅中山時,上郡膚施確是秦地。這也就是説,趙遷中山王,根本不可能遷到這裏。 ……趙國的膚施,在今山西五臺的東北,位於滹沱河上游,靈壽古城的西北。兩地之間,其實並不遠,直線距離,大約只有100 公里。趙滅中山,把中山王遷到這裏,最合適。」,《中華文史論叢》2008年第4輯(總第九十二輯 ),上海古籍出版社,2008 年。
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