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群書治要

浅草文库本《群書治要》卷首

群書治要》五十卷,[1]魏徵等撰。

编写过程

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唐貞觀元年(公元627年),天下方定,唐太宗“欲览前王得失”,於是命魏徵、虞世南褚亮蕭德言等编撰群書治要。是书爰自六经,迄於諸子,“上始五帝,下至晋代”,取材自一万四千多部、八万九千多卷古籍。《群書治要》引文多整段鈔錄,罕有割裂或逕改之痕跡,正文以大字書寫,注文以小字注出。貞觀五年(631年)《群書治要》書成。[2]唐太宗命人繕寫《群書治要》十餘部,分賜太子及諸王。

流传情况

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此後,《群書治要》逐漸佚失,[3]但在日本卻有流傳。清朝嘉慶年間,《群書治要》自日本流傳回中國,阮元收入《宛委別藏》,然今可見者僅四十七卷,缺卷四《春秋左氏傳》上、卷十三《漢書》一、卷二十《漢書》八。

重要性

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《群書治要》保留不少古文獻之唐前鈔本,而且引用典籍每多兼引其注。例如《司馬法》一書本無注解,[4]但《治要》所引《司馬法》文附有注釋。又,房玄齡褚遂良等重撰《晉書》為貞觀二十年之事,《群書治要》所錄《晉書》二卷是臧榮緒版《晉書》,並參考十八家晉史。阮元云:“如《晉書》二卷,尚為未修《晉書》以前十八家中之舊本。”王念孫校勘古籍之時,多以《群書治要》為據。除此之外,《群書治要》還保留了大量的失傳文獻的文字。

注釋

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  1. ^ 《舊唐書‧經籍下》載「《群書理要》五十卷」;《新唐書‧藝文志》載「《群書治要》五十卷」。
  2. ^ 唐會要》云:“貞觀五年九月二十七日。祕書監魏徵。撰《群書政要》。上之。”
  3. ^ 陳騤《中興館閣書目》云“十卷”。《宋史·藝文志六》載“十卷”。阮元〈《群書治要》五十卷提要〉云:“《宋史·藝文志》即不著錄,知其佚久矣。”阮說有誤。
  4. ^ 閻禹錫《司馬法集解》云,“久無註解”。

參考書目

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  • 金光一:〈《群書治要》研究〉,2010年
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群書治要
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