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纵波

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平面的压力脉冲波

纵波(longitudinal waves)又稱疏密波(rarefaction waves),是指在传播介质质点的振动方向与波的传播方向平行的一类,形成的波是疏密相間的波形。

非電磁波

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電磁波的縱波之例子有聲波(壓力的傳遞、粒子位移、彈性物質中粒子速度的傳遞)以及地震波中的P波(由地震或爆炸引起)。

聲波

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一個聲波可以用以下的式子來描述它的頻率波長

其中:

  • y表示质点在波的传播方向离开平衡位置的位移
  • x表示任意观测点与波源间的距离;
  • t為經過的時間。
  • 為此振盪的振幅
  • c為波速。
  • ω為此波之角頻率。

物理量x/c

f是波的頻率,常以Hz計。

就聲波來說,聲波的傳播速度與溫度、壓力、介質有關。

參見

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外部連結

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纵波
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