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細微身

1899年的畫作,印度神秘主義者認為的細微身,現藏於大英博物館

細微身(英語:Subtle body),又譯為「微細身」、「細相」、「精細體」,最早起源於印度數論派哲學。數論派認為,在我們由五大(地、水、火、風、空)所形成的可見肉體(稱為粗身)之內,還有另一個細微身,它是生命的來源,輪迴的主體。 類似於西方所說的靈魂。在細微身之內,包裹著真正的自體,稱為因果身,或因果體,也就是神我梵語puruṣa)。

它在後世印度瑜伽阿育吠陀醫學及密教中成為一個重要的觀念,細微身被認為是由脈輪拙火形成的內在生命體,在死亡之後,會從肉身解離出來,進入下一個身體,形成輪迴。密宗稱為金剛身,藏傳佛教所說的中陰虹光身,也是一種細微身。

現代的神秘主義者,如神智學,也採納了這個觀點,認為人類存在著細微身。

概論

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細微身被認為是生命的根源,在生命起源時進入身體,死亡時離開。它是輪迴的主體,包裹著不滅的神我。但是細微身不能被一般人的感官所感知,只有得到神通的聖人才能見到[1]

瑜伽派將身體分成三個層面,最外層稱為粗顯體,是我們可見的肉身。中間層即是細微身,它包涵了心理與生理,是由拙火脈輪明點所組成的整體。最裏層則是因果體,或稱因果身,即是真正的靈魂。

各派觀點

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註釋

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  1. ^ 《大智度論》卷12:「問曰:身有二種:麤身及細身。麤身無常,細身是神,世世常去入五道中。......此細身微細,初死時已去,若活時則不可得求,汝云何能見?又此細身,非五情能見能知,唯有神通聖人,乃能得見。」
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細微身
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