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紫萁目

紫萁目
化石时期:乐平世至现代
華南紫萁(Osmunda vachelii)
科学分类 编辑
界: 植物界 Plantae
演化支 维管植物 Tracheophyta
纲: 真蕨綱 Polypodiopsida
目: 紫萁目 Osmundales
  • 紫萁屬 Osmunda
  • 塊莖蕨屬 Todea
  • 薄膜蕨屬 Leptopteris
  • Claytosmunda
  • Osmundastrum
  • Plenasium
  • Thamnopteris
  • Chasmatopteris
  • Osmundacaulis
  • Palaeosmunda
  • Millerocaulis
  • Aurealcaulis
  • Todites
  • Anomopteris
  • Osmundacidites
  • Osmundites
  • Osmundopsis
  • Zhongmingella

紫萁目(学名:Osmundales)是蕨類植物門裡的一目,只包括紫萁科一科。紫萁目的葉子通常呈現叢生狀狀,羽毛狀的排列,繁衍用的孢子密生於葉脊。紫萁目比其他大多數的蕨類要來得大。一般來說,該種植物都生長在湖沼溼地。

紫萁目裡的蕨類會形成厚重的根莖,並帶有茂密的堅靭根部。許多物種會形成短樹幹,但只有高約8公分至10公分而已;如在「塊莖蕨屬」中,即有時會因為其樹幹被認為是樹蕨,雖然它們相對較短。

組織由如假紫萁非常粗糙、幾乎像是皮革般,到如薄膜蕨屬易脆且透明的都有。

下属物种

[编辑]

本目包括以下科:

  • Guaireaceae
  • 紫萁科 Osmundaceae
    • Anomopteris A.T.Brongniart, 1828
    • Anomorrhoea C.E.I.von Eichwald, 1844
    • Bathypteris C.E.I.von Eichwald, 1852
    • Cacumen D.V.Cantrill & J.A.Webb, 1987
    • Chasmatopteris M.D.Zalessky, 1931
    • Cladophlebis A.T.Brongniart, 1849
    • Cladotheca T.G.Halle, 1911
    • Claytosmunda (Y.Yatabe, N.Murak. & K.Iwats.) Metzgar & Rouhan
    • Crematopteris W.P.Schimper & Mougeot, 1844
    • Kidstonia Zeiller, 1897
    • Leptopteris C.Presl
    • Leptopteris K.B.Presl, 1845
    • Lixotheca Z.Yao & L.Liu, 1993
    • Mesolonchopteris G.Koidzumi, 1936
    • Millerocaulis T.Erasmus ex W.D.Tidwell, 1986
    • Osmunasium Hong M.Liu, Schuettp. & H.Schneid.
    • Osmunda L.
    • Osmundacaulis C.N.Miller, 1967
    • Osmundasporites Wolff
    • Osmundastrum C.Presl
    • Osmundastrum K.B.Presl, 1847
    • Osmundopsis T.M.Harris, 1931
    • Osmunimunda Xia Wan & Li Bing Zhang
    • Palaeosmunda R.E.Gould, 1970
    • Plenasium C.Presl
    • Plenasium K.B.Presl, 1836
    • Rotverrusporites H.Döring, 1964
    • Rugulatisporites H.D.Pflug, 1953
    • Scolopendrites Göppert, 1836
    • Shuichengella Z.M.Li, 1993
    • Stellatheca J.Danzé, 1956
    • Struthiopteris Bernh.
    • Thamnopteris A.T.Brongniart, 1849
    • Todea Willd.
    • Todea Willd. ex Bernh.
    • Todeopsis B.Renault, 1896
    • Todites A.C.Seward, 1900
    • Tuarella A.T.Burakova, 1961
科的位置未定的属:
  • Bromsgrovia L.J.Seyfullah, E.Kustatscher & W.A.Taylor, 2013
  • Dichotomopteris P.K.Maithy, 1974

參考文獻

[编辑]
  • 林春吉,《台灣的水生與溼地植物》,2005,台北,綠世界出版社。
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紫萁目
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