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紫色色桿菌

紫色色桿菌
科学分类 编辑
域: 细菌域 Bacteria
界: 细菌界 Bacteria
门: 變形菌門 Pseudomonadota
纲: β-變形菌綱 Betaproteobacteria
目: 奈瑟菌目 Neisseriales
科: 色杆菌科 Chromobacteriaceae
属: 色杆菌属 Chromobacterium
种:
紫色色桿菌 C. violaceum
二名法
Chromobacterium violaceum

紫色色桿菌Chromobacterium violaceum)是一種革蘭氏陰性、兼性厭氧及無芽孢的球桿菌。在熱帶亞熱帶的水中及土壤植物可以找到。它們會生產出紫色桿菌素。它們可以在營養瓊脂中生長,並形成平滑及低突起的菌落,帶有金屬暗紫色的光澤。它們的完整基因組已於2003年被公布。[1]

生物化學

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紫色色桿菌發酵葡萄糖海藻糖N-乙醯葡萄醣胺葡萄糖酸,但卻不能發酵L-阿拉伯糖、D-半乳糖或D-麥芽糖

醫藥特性

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紫色色桿菌很少會感染人類,但若發生感染,則會引起皮膚損傷、敗血症及可以引致死亡的肝膿腫。[2]很多普遍的方法都會錯將類鼻疽伯克氏菌看為紫色色桿菌。[3][4]這兩類菌的最大分別是類鼻疽伯克氏菌會產生大量的皺曲菌落。

紫色色桿菌會天然生產一些抗生素

治療

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由於被紫色色桿菌感染的個案很小,故並未有就不同治療的臨床測試。能有效治療紫色色桿菌感染的抗生素有培氟沙星[5]環丙沙星阿米卡星[6]及磺胺甲基異惡唑。[7]其他有效的靜脈注射抗生素有氯黴素四環黴素[8]理論上,紫色色桿菌感染對青黴素頭孢菌素或氨曲南沒有反應,不過當中一些碳青黴烯美羅培南或亞安培南則可能有效。[9]

參考

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  1. ^ Brazilian National Genome Project Consortium. The complete genome sequence of Chromobacterium violaceum reveals remarkable and exploitable bacterial adaptability.. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003, 100: 11660–11665. PMID 14500782. 
  2. ^ Sneath PH, Whelan JP, Bhagwan Singh R, Edwards D. Fatal infection by Chromobacterium violaceum. Lancet. 1953, 265 (6780): 276–277. PMID 13085740. 
  3. ^ Inglis TJ, Chiang D, Lee GS, Chor-Kiang L. Potential misidentification of Burkholderia pseudomallei by API 20NE. Pathology. 1998, 30 (1): 62–64. PMID: 9534210. 
  4. ^ Lowe P, Engler C, Norton R. Comparison of automated and nonautomated systems for identification of Burkholderia pseudomallei. J Clin Microbiol. 2002, 40 (12): 4625–4627. doi:10.1128/JCM.40.12.4625-4627.2002. 
  5. ^ Lee J, Kim JS, Nahm CH; et al. Two cases of Chromobacterium violaceum infection after injury in a subtropical region. J Clin Microbiol. 1999, 37 (6): 2068–2070 [2008-04-21]. (原始内容存档于2011-09-27). 
  6. ^ Ray P, Sharma J, Marak RSK; et al. Chromobacterium violaceum septicaemia from north India. Indian J Med Res. 2004, 120: 523–526. 
  7. ^ Moore C, Lane J, Stephens J. Successful treatment of an infant with Chromobacterium violaceum sepsis.. Clin Infect Dis. 2001, 32 (6): E107–110. PMID 11247733. 
  8. ^ Martinez R, Velludo MA, Santos VR, Dinamarco PV. Chromobacterium violaceum infection in Brazil. A case report. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 2000, 42 (2): 111–113. 
  9. ^ Midani S, Rathore M. Chromobacterium violaceum infection.. South Med J. 1998, 91 (5): 464–466. PMID 9598856. 
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紫色色桿菌
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