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火葱

火葱
Sliced and whole red shallots
Allium cepa (见下文)
栽培群英语Cultivar groupaggregatum 组

火葱[1][2]学名Allium cepa var. aggregatum),又名分蔥[3]紅蔥頭[4]四季蔥大頭蔥珠蔥[5]油蔥朱蔥綿蔥[6]乾葱。为石蒜科葱属多年生草本鱗莖植物。鱗莖表面有紫紅色薄膜,肉淺紫白色[7]。分布在亚洲中西部以及中国南方等地,多生于村边,目前已由人工引种廣泛栽培,在亚洲各地广泛作為調味料用蔬菜[2]。火葱原认为是自有的一个物种(Allium ascalonicum),但现已并入洋葱处置。其形態有個特殊之處是花莖不發育,亦即其靠其叢生狀的鱗莖無性繁殖[2][8][9]

染色體數目16 (2n=16)[2][10]

火蔥根尖的染色體,共16條。

用途

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切碎的红葱头可以用来烹调沙爹酱

可作油蔥酥等調味料。 市場上可見中空呈圓筒狀的較一般大蔥為短,蔥管僅0.5厘米,蔥頭不到一厘米者,可能是不良品,被淘汰為青蔥販賣,或是農家自家栽培販賣,因本種主要乃採收蔥頭(鱗莖)為主,本種是製作油蔥的重要來源[5]

同名异物

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火葱全株

台灣花蓮阿美族也將Allium chinense G. Don)稱之為「火蔥」。[11]

参考文献

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  1. ^ 昆明植物研究所. 火葱. 《中国高等植物数据库全库》. 中国科学院微生物研究所. [2009-02-21]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-05). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Chen, X. Q. (陈心启, Chen, S. C.), Liang, S. Y. (梁松筠, Liang, S. J.), Xu, J. M. (许介眉), Tamura, M. N. 2000. Liliaceae页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). In: C. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven & D. Y. Hong. Fl. China. Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis. 24:73-263.
  3. ^ 徐培嘉。2002。青蔥及紅蔥頭抗氧化及抑菌功能之探討。碩士論文。中山醫學大學營養科學研究所。
  4. ^ 生技、醫化及中草藥專利資料庫檢索系統 台灣植物資料庫[永久失效連結] 主要中文名:紅蔥頭
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 簡錦玲,2007。台灣好蔬菜。第241頁。台北:天下遠見。ISBN 978-986-216-017-6
  6. ^ 細香蔥 醫學百科. [2010-11-13]. (原始内容存档于2020-09-22). 
  7. ^ 紅蔥頭shallot 互联网档案馆存檔,存档日期2012-11-17.
  8. ^ Allium ascalonicum. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). USDA. 
  9. ^ Fritsch, R. M.; N. Friesen. Chapter 1: Evolution, Domestication, and Taxonomy. H. D. Rabinowitch and L. Currah (编). Allium Crop Science: Recent Advances有限度免费查阅,超限则需付费订阅. Wallingford, UK: CABI Publishing. 2002: 21. ISBN 0-85199-510-1. 
  10. ^ TROPICOS: Allium ascalonicum L.页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆),本頁列出多篇文章列出其染色體數目,孢子體染色體數目為16,配子體染色體數目為8。
  11. ^ 花蓮阿美族的特有蔬菜-火蔥. 農業知識入口網. [2020-03-28]. (原始内容存档于2020-09-22). 
引用错误:在<references>标签中name属性为“theplantlist”的参考文献没有在文中使用

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火葱
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