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精算符號

精算符號精算用的一套速記法,以便寫出與利率生命表相關的數學公式。

現有的記法,把上標下標放在主要符號的左或右邊,像光暈一樣圍繞著。以下會列出一些例子。

有些建議的方法改變記法為線性,令符號可以橫向書寫,不需用到上標和下標。這種方法可以免除現有方法在計算上的困難,但現在仍未有一套標準的線性標記方法。

例子

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利率

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是一年後得到的利息的利率。所以如果年利率是8%,那麼

是當利息為每月支付時,把一個月的利率按單利轉為一年的利率,就是把它乘上12。它與 不同,因為每個月所得利息,可以用來在下一月賺取利息。事實上,它們的關係式是:

是一年的貼現率。可以從下式算出:。它是用來計算若將來要獲得一定的金額,現在須投資的金額。例如如果要一年後獲得1的金錢,現在需要;若要在5年後獲得25,現在需要

生命表

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是在x歲活著的人的數目。

是在x歲在1年間逝世的人的數目:

是在x歲的人活到x+1歲的概率:

x歲的人在1年間逝世的概率:

是在x歲的人活到x+2歲的概率:

是在x歲的人在2年間逝世的概率:

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精算符號
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