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粉刺

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粉刺
同义词英语单数:comedo,英语复数: comedones
正常毛孔与白头粉刺、黑头粉刺比较的图解
分类和外部资源
醫學專科皮肤病学
MedlinePlus003238、​003236
[编辑此条目的维基数据]

粉刺(英語:comedo)是一种被角蛋白脂质填充而扩张和堵塞的毛囊“漏巵”(infundibulum,漏斗状孔腔、管道、器官)[1],属于毛囊皮脂腺的慢性炎症性皮肤病。多發生于颜面、胸、背等处,尤常与周围的空气、粉尘相接触的部位。

粉刺分为黑头粉刺、白头粉刺两类,分别俗称为黑头、白头。黑头是开放性粉刺,黑色是因为黑色素在表面沉积;白头是闭合性粉刺,毛囊完全堵塞[2]。黑头粉刺外观为露在粗大毛孔外部的黑点,挤出後成條狀,或有黑色的头部。

粉刺是痤疮的前身,当痤瘡丙酸桿菌(Cutibacterium acnes)[3]感染带有粉刺的毛囊时,痤疮(acne)产生。

形成原因

[编辑]

皮脂腺分泌的油脂本身可以滋潤肌膚,當毛孔充滿多餘的油脂,毛孔被角質化的表皮細胞以及皮屑阻塞,油脂無法順利排出,這些油脂和皮屑等混合物被外界空氣氧化而形成粉刺。

身体自身因素、阳光、清洁过度、用手挤压粉刺部位、温度过高、熬夜过度、食用刺激性的食品。

參考來源

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  1. ^ Bonamigo, Renan Rangel (编). Dermatology in Public Health Environments. 2018. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-33919-1. Bonamigo, R. R., & Dornelles, S. I. T. (Eds.). (2018). Dermatology in Public Health Environments: A Comprehensive Textbook. Springer. p461
  2. ^ Comedonal acne. dermnetnz.org. DermNet NZ. 2014-04 [2022-02-05]. (原始内容存档于2022-02-06) (英语). 
  3. ^ 许德田, 郑捷, 王秀丽. 痤疮丙酸杆菌更名为Cutibacterium acnes相关问题的探讨. Chinese Journal of Dermatology (中华皮肤科杂志). 2020-09-25, (53(11)): 948-949 [2022-02-05]. doi:10.35541/cjd.20190509. (原始内容存档于2022-02-05). 
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粉刺
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