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香港中式祠堂裡供奉祖先牌位的神龕
日本神龕-神棚,供奉神道教

kān是供奉佛像神像神位祖先灵位等信仰對象或聖物的小閣子,如佛龕神龕等一般为製;也指石窟寺或廟堂墻壁上的凹陷部分,稱爲窟龕壁龕,有時可延伸到基督教等西方宗教建築日语壁龕

小龕又称。龕表面常有精美的浮雕、通雕和半圆雕等纹饰,具有古典美感。

大龕一般放在宗祠中,而椟一般置于居室内。[1]

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龕可分為有龕門及無龕門二種。在廟宇中的龕為方便受十方信徒禮拜,通常為開放式的,在中國大陸、臺灣民宅通常也設有開放式的龕;日本家戶則多為具有龕門的龕,在禮拜、祭祀時才會打開龕門。

日本

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日本,只有窟龕或窟龕形狀的藝術品(如大都會博物館藏品2008.504页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆))才被称为佛龕(仏龕/ぶつがん),一般情况所用的龛有:

  • 佛敎的(日语:厨子;日文中厨是橱的異體字)。意思是櫝,但漢語中櫝多指棺櫝或寳盒,存放祖先靈位式存在“神櫝”一詞;日語中則一般通稱寺廟或居室内的佛龕都通稱橱子或佛壇
  • 神道教的神棚かみだな)供奉神道教神明的神符(神札/しんさつ)於牆上,設祖靈舍(祖霊舎/それいしゃ)中安奉祖先牌位立於地板。

參考資料

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  1. ^ 金漆木雕人物故事神椟互联网档案馆存檔,存档日期2008-11-23.》,广东省博物馆网
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