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石楠 (石楠属)

石楠 (石楠属)
科学分类 编辑
界: 植物界 Plantae
演化支 维管植物 Tracheophyta
演化支 被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支 真双子叶植物 Eudicots
演化支 蔷薇类植物 Rosids
目: 蔷薇目 Rosales
科: 蔷薇科 Rosaceae
属: 石楠属 Photinia
种:
石楠 (石楠属) P. serratifolia
二名法
Photinia serratifolia
Kalkman
变种
  • 原变种 Photinia serratifolia var. serratifolia
  • 石楠窄叶变种 Photinia serratifolia var. ardisiifolia
  • 石楠宽叶变种 Photinia serratifolia var. daphniphylloides
  • 石楠毛瓣变种 Photinia serratifolia var. lasiopetala
異名

Photinia serrulata

石楠學名Photinia serratifolia;英語:Taiwanese photinia、Chinese photinia)是蔷薇科石楠属下的一个种,分布于中国大陆中南部地区、台湾、日本、印度尼西亚等地,常生长在海拔1000-2500米的杂木林中。

花气味浓郁;萼管钟状5裂,雄蕊约20个;子房下位,2-4室,每室有胚珠1颗。果实为小型梨果,直径4-12 mm,内含种子1-4颗,颜色鲜红,数量很多,秋季成熟并能安然越冬,是某些鸟类的食物,包括太平鸟椋鸟,这样种子可以通过鸟类粪便传播。

中国大陆部分城市种植石楠用于城市绿化、净化空气和吸附有害粉尘。但石楠花开花之际会散发出类似于人类精液的气味[1],部分市民提议移除石楠[2][3]

别名

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凿木(中国种子植物科属辞典),千年红、扇骨木(南京土名),笔树、石眼树(江苏土名),将军梨、石楠柴(浙江土名),石纲(福建土名),凿角(广东土名),山官木(广西土名)。由於石楠開花有上述腥臭味,被昵称为“西伯利亚精子树”[4][5],或“淫树精花”。

石楠花

变种

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有三个变种:

  • 石楠窄叶变种(Photinia serratifolia var. ardisiifolia),分布于台湾,生长在海拔850米处。叶片呈倒卵状椭圆形,革质。
  • 石楠宽叶变种(Photinia serratifolia var. daphniphylloides),分布于台湾。叶片呈椭圆形或长圆倒卵形。
  • 石楠毛瓣变种(Photinia serratifolia var. lasiopetala),分布于台湾。叶片呈倒卵披针形或匙状倒披针形。

参考链接

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  1. ^ Xiaoping Zhang, Konstantin Chingin, Dacai Zhong, Liping Luo, Vladimir Frankevich, Huanwen Chen, Deciphering the chemical origin of the semen-like floral scents in three angiosperm plants, Phytochemistry, Volume 145, 2018, Pages 137-145, ISSN 0031-9422, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2017.11.001.
  2. ^ 石楠花的委屈谁懂?专家:它是优秀的园林绿化物种. [2018-04-24]. (原始内容存档于2018-04-24). 
  3. ^ 武大石楠花气味怪 砍树?入药? 两不宜. [2018-04-24]. (原始内容存档于2018-04-25). 
  4. ^ 存档副本. [2022-06-13]. (原始内容存档于2022-06-13). 
  5. ^ https://www.hhbky.com/yanghua/zhiwuzhishi/163508.html

参考资料

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扩展阅读

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石楠 (石楠属)
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