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發財金 (現金).
發財金,又稱錢母,通常是廟宇借給信徒的小額現金。「錢母」一名是因為這些錢是能以錢生錢的現金,而「發財金」則有「預祝發財」之意。信徒多半會以此為本錢,做生意、投資等等,希望有神明的加持,能夠一本萬利。也可以放在錢包裡作招財之用。各廟宇借出「發財金」的日期或條件或金額上限皆不相同。
有的宗教人士或命理師也會以個人名義出借發財金(如朱峰靖),但因牽扯到高額利息或者要求一筆手續費,則會導致訴訟或糾紛,甚至被指為高利貸。另外一些篤信神佛的信徒包紅包給別人之前,會將該紅包拿到廟裏繞香爐,祈求加持,亦稱為發財金。
除了漢文化外,泰國一些寺廟也有類似的習俗。
漢文化中由廟宇向神明借貸最遲可追溯至明代。在河南登封潁陽鎮有一家中嶽廟,信眾可以向中嶽山神借錢。借時,在紙上寫上姓名、地址、金額以及還錢時間,然後燒香、磕頭,到廟外等一會兒。然後廟祝就會把紙條埋在香爐之內。待借錢者回來,就只看見錢,可以取走。還錢則只許多,不准少,否則神明會懲罰。故此廟又稱為“借錢廟”。但後來廟宇荒廢,徒有殘廟[1]。
- 南投縣竹山鎮紫南宮(土地公廟),每年借出總額約新台幣2億元,每人借款上限600元(需先擲筊出聖筊),為期一年,期滿時歸還。
- 彰化縣花壇鄉文徳宮(頭戴狀元帽的土地公),「狀元發財金」每人借款上限600元(需先擲筊出聖筊),為期一年,期滿時歸還。
- 彰化縣大村鄉福林宮(茄苳林福德正神/福德夫人),「發財金」每人借款上限200元(需先擲筊出聖筊/每日可借),為期一年,期滿時歸還。
- 新北市三芝區八仙宮(李仙祖鐵拐廟),每人借款上限600元(需先擲筊出聖筊),為期一年,期滿時歸還。
- 屏東縣枋山鄉福財宮( 五路財神爺 ),每人借款600元(需先擲筊出聖筊),為期一年,期滿時歸還。
- 台中市東區南天宮( 關聖帝君 ),每人借款300元(需先擲筊出聖筊),為期一年,期滿時歸還。
- 雲林縣台西鄉安西府,每人借款600元(需先擲筊出聖筊),為期一年,期滿時歸還。
- 嘉義縣新港鄉奉天宮( 金虎爺發財金 ),每人借款600元(需先擲筊出聖筊),為期一年,期滿時歸還。
- 新竹縣新豐鄉池和宮( 池府王爺廟 ),「發財金」每人借款上限600元(需先擲筊出聖筊),為期一年,期滿時需奉還。第一次辦理須由本人持身分證到廟申辦。
- ^ 借錢廟:是神廟亦是錢莊(圖)[失效連結]
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