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番社 (九如鄉)

番社,或稱番社庄,位於屏東縣九如鄉東北方,為平埔原住民馬卡道族塔樓社的舊社址[1][2]。狹義的番社庄指的是九如鄉洽興村昌榮社區,人口約七百人。廣義的番社庄包括了下番社(九如鄉耆老村豐田)以及已納入昌榮社區的平和(頂番社)一帶。今以福佬人為主要族群,以慈玄宮、番社鎮安宮為信仰中心,並有一成的基督教信眾。[2]

歷史

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荷蘭時期塔樓社為全台最大之原住民部落[3],原址普遍相信在里港鄉塔樓村一帶,或謂社址即在番社[4]:34[5]。亦有文獻或傳說記載原居塔樓村的馬卡道族族人遷往番社[1][6]。番社庄最早見於1894年《鳳山縣採訪冊》,屬港西里。日治時期原屬阿猴廳港西上里後庄,後隸於高雄州屏東郡九塊庄。當時的人口普查顯示,後庄地區尚有七十餘位平埔族分布,分布在番社一帶,為馬卡道族鳳山八社舊社址中留存最多族裔者[5]大正年間,南邊的山寮聚落廢莊,不少人移入番社庄居住,與今日聚落內的陳、王姓人家有密切關係[2]

戰後分屬於屏東縣九如鄉洽興村與耆老村,以陳、張、王、鄭、藍等姓為主。今村內尚有數個與平埔族相關的地名及傳說,而確切的馬卡道族後裔人數,有待考證。

參考文獻

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 臺灣總督府民政部警察本署/蕃務本署編著 ; 翁佳音,陳怡宏譯.《平埔蕃調查書》
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 屏東縣九如鄉昌榮社區發展協會.《番社庄誌:屏東縣九如鄉昌榮社區文史集》
  3. ^ 里港鄉公所。"里港鄉志"。國家圖書館臺灣記憶系統。2003。<https://tm.ncl.edu.tw/> 。(2022-02-19)
  4. ^ 朱明璞. 清代里港地區的開發 (PDF). [2022-02-20]. [失效連結]
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 施添福。2001,〈國家與地域社會:以清代臺灣屏東平原為例〉,收於詹素娟、潘英海主編,《平埔族群與臺灣歷史文化論文集》,頁33-112。臺北:中央研究院臺灣史研究所籌備處。
  6. ^ 塔樓村大厝頂傳說
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番社 (九如鄉)
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