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田成子

田恆
齊國
君主
子嗣田襄子田盤
谥号
政权齊國(春秋)
父親田僖子田乞

田恆(?—?),氏,名,原為陳恆,古音田、陳音近,也稱為田恒。東周春秋戰國時期齊國的权臣。是齐国田氏家族的第八任首领。

當時卿大夫多敬稱為子,陳恆卒後諡,故稱陳成子[1]田成子

漢朝時,为汉文帝刘恒避讳,称为田常宋朝时,为宋真宗赵恒避讳,《资治通鉴》亦称之为“田常”。

生平

前485年,田恆承襲父亲田乞之位,而後唆使齐国大夫鲍息弑杀齐悼公,立齐简公。田恆和阚止(又名监止,字子我)任齐国的左右相。

前481年,田恆发动政变,杀死了阚止和齐简公,拥立齐简公的弟弟为国君,就是齐平公。之后,田恒独揽齐国大权,尽诛鲍、晏诸族。田成子的封邑大于齐平公直辖的地区。

史称田恆挑选齐国女子身高七尺以上者为姬妾,後宫數百人,也不禁止宾客舍人出入后宫。

在田恆死的时候,有七十个儿子隨侍在側。田恒死后,由儿子田盘继位。

鄰國評論

當陳恆(田恆)殺害齊簡公的消息傳到魯國,孔子齋戒三日,請求魯哀公討伐齊國,魯哀公表示魯國勢力弱小,讓孔子去問季孫肥,結果遭到拒絕[2]

後世因他的作為,指他為逆臣,導致君權更加集中、專制。

古籍記載

莊子莊子·胠篋》記載田成子盜齊國之事,指他為諸侯大盜。韓非稱之為「田成子取齊[3]。也是後世常引用之成語「竊鉤者誅,竊國者侯」的由來。

参考资料

  1. ^ 《論語·憲問》:陳成子弒簡公。孔子沐浴而朝,告於哀公曰:“陳恒弒其君,請討之。”公曰:“告夫三子。”孔子曰:“以吾從大夫之後,不敢不告也。君曰‘告夫三子’者。”之三子告,不可。孔子曰:“以吾從大夫之後,不敢不告也。”
  2. ^ 司馬遷. 田敬仲完世家. 史記. [-61]. 
  3. ^ 《韩非子·卷十七·说疑四十四》:又曰:“以今时之所闻,田成子取齐,司城子罕取宋,太宰欣取郑,单氏取周,易牙之取卫,韩、魏、赵三子分晋,此六人者,臣之弑其君者也。”
前任:
田釐子田乞
田氏家族首领 繼任:
田襄子田盤
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田成子
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