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球霰石

球霰石
意大利San Vito 採石場 的球霰石
類別礦物

球霰石(英語:Vaterite)是碳酸鈣 (CaCO3) 的是一種多晶型物礦物。 它以德國礦物學家 Heinrich Vater 的名字命名。 它也被稱為μ-碳酸鈣(μ-CaCO3)。 球霰石屬於六方晶系,而方解石三角晶系,而文石正交晶系 [1]

球霰石與文石一樣,是在地表是碳酸鈣的亚稳态。 由於它不如方解石或文石穩定,球霰石的溶解度高於這兩種相。 因此,球霰石一旦接觸到水,就會轉化為方解石(低溫)或文石(高溫:~60 °C)。 例如,在 37 °C 時,球霰石會在溶液中轉變到方解石。球霰石會先溶解並隨後經奧斯瓦爾德熟化過程中沉澱為方解石[2]

然而,在礦泉中有天然球霰石、有機組織中、列如膽結石、尿路結石和植物中也有。 在這些情況下,一些雜質(金屬離子或有機物)可能會穩定球霰石並阻止其轉變為方解石或文石。 球霰石通常是無色的[3]

若殼軟體動物(例如腹足動物)的殼是由文石組成,其殼損傷后,首先分泌球霰石修復,然後分泌文石修復。 2018 年,劍橋大學植物園虎耳草葉子上形成的沉積物的成分,被確定為球霰石[4][5]

参见

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參考文獻

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  1. ^ Andrew G. Christy (2017)A Review of the Structures of Vaterite: The Impossible, the Possible, and the Likely Crystal Growth & Design,V.17, No.6, p3567-3578. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.7b00481
  2. ^ Zhou, Gen-Tao; Yao, Qi-Zhi; Fu, Sheng-Quan; Guan, Ye-Bin (2010). "Controlled crystallization of unstable vaterite with distinct morphologies and their polymorphic transition to stable calcite". European Journal of Mineralogy. 22 (2): 259–269. Bibcode:2010EJMin..22..259Z. doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2009/0022-
  3. ^ "Structure of vaterite and infrared spectra" Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, vol. 129, no. 5-6, 1969, pp. 405-410. https://doi.org/10.1524/zkri.1969.129.5-6.405
  4. ^ Chris Elliott (12 Mar 2018). "Incredible discovery at Cambridge's Botanic Garden that could transform treatment of cancer". Cambridge News. Archived from the original on 2018-03-12
  5. ^ Rare mineral discovered in plants for first time". Science Daily. 5 Mar 2018.
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球霰石
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