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王忠嗣

王忠嗣(706年—750年),初名太原祁縣(今山西祁县)人,唐朝名將,丰安军使王海賓之子。官至河西、陇右、朔方、河东四镇节度使,封清源县公。

生平

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王海賓以驍勇聞名,官至太子右衛率、豐安軍使(宁夏中宁石空镇)。王忠嗣九歲時,王海賓戰死,追贈為左金吾大將軍。忠嗣接入宫中抚养,玄宗收為假子,賜名忠嗣,常與忠王李亨一起游玩。有一次玄宗和他論兵法,他“應對縱橫,皆出意表”。

開元十八年(730年),出任兵馬使,隨河西節度使蕭嵩出征。开元十八年在玉川戰役中以三百輕騎偷襲吐蕃,斬敵數千。後接替王侄擔任隴右節度使。開元二十六年北伐,出雁门,於桑乾河三战三捷,大破军。天宝初年,大败突厥叶护部落,取乌苏米施可汗首级至長安。745年封清源县公。天宝六年(747年),兼任河西、隴右、朔方、河東四鎮節度使,“佩四将印,控制万里,劲兵重镇,皆归掌握,自国初已来,未之有也。”

天宝元年,对吐蕃的青海湖会战,大破吐蕃北线主力,吐蕃死傷數萬人,兩王子陣亡。吐谷浑降唐。玄宗晚年好大喜功。天宝六年(747年),令王忠嗣攻吐蕃石堡城(今青海西寧市西南)。王忠嗣奏稱,石堡形勢險固,不宜輕舉妄動,「以數萬之眾爭一城,得之未足以制敵,不得亦無害於國」,上言切諫。玄宗不聽,王忠嗣只得出兵,結果大敗而回。宰相李林甫对王忠嗣嫉恨,誣陷王忠嗣「欲奉太子」。帝以哥舒翰代王忠嗣為隴右節度使,對忠嗣严加审讯,打算处以极刑。哥舒翰极言王忠嗣无罪,请求用自己的官爵来赎王忠嗣的罪,玄宗不听,走入内宫,哥舒翰一路追隨,“言词慷慨,声泪俱下”,玄宗深受感動,遂貶忠嗣為漢陽(今湖北)太守,一年後抑鬱以终,年僅四十五歲。宝应元年,追赠兵部尚书。

家庭

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  • 子王震,天宝中任秘书丞。
  • 有女王韞秀,嫁给后来为宰相的元载,生子元伯和等。后来元载伏诛,王韫秀母子同死。

延伸阅读

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维基文库阅读此作者作品
维基文库中的相关文本:舊唐書·卷103》,出自刘昫舊唐書
维基文库中的相关文本:新唐書·卷133》,出自《新唐書

參考書目

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  • 《舊唐書·卷一百零三·王忠嗣傳》
  • 《新唐书·卷一百三十三·列传第五十八》
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王忠嗣
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