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物質科學

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物質科學[1](英語:physical science)又稱物理科學[2][3],是自然科學的分支,研究沒有生命的系統,與生命科學相對。

英語 physical 為多義詞,可為物質的,物理(學)的,有形的,實物的,身體的等等意思[4]。若譯名用「物理的」這個形容詞,對物理科學與生命科學兩者所造成的差別,是無意的而且有點隨意,因為物質科學之下的某些分支也會研究生物的現象,如生物化學生物物理,是物質科學與生命科學的交叉學科

物質科學是甚麼?

物質科學的形容如下:

  • 科學的一個分支:透過對宇宙作出可試驗的解釋和預測,有系統地不斷嘗試建立和組織知識[5][6][7]
    • 自然科學的一個分支:自然科學是科學的一個重大分支,憑着經驗證據英语empirical evidence,試圖解釋和預測大自然的現象。在自然科學,假說一定要先科學地確證,才可當作科學理論。有效性、準確性、和確保品質的社會機制,例如同行評審和結果的可重複性,是達到目的所用的其中一些準則和方法。自然科學可以分成兩大分支:生命科學和物質科學。這兩個分支、及其下的所有分支,都被稱為自然科學。

物質科學的分支

物質科學的歷史

參考文獻

  1. ^ 存档副本. [2024-01-31]. (原始内容存档于2024-01-31). 
  2. ^ 殷海光. 科學教育. 五南圖書出版股份有限公司. 2022: 75. ISBN 9786263177765. 
  3. ^ 存档副本. [2024-01-31]. (原始内容存档于2024-01-31). 
  4. ^ 存档副本. [2024-01-31]. (原始内容存档于2020-12-19). 
  5. ^ Wilson, Edward O. Consilience: The Unity of Knowledge 1st. New York, NY: Vintage Books. 1998: 49–71. ISBN 0-679-45077-7. 
  6. ^ "... modern science is a discovery as well as an invention. It was a discovery that nature generally acts regularly enough to be described by laws and even by mathematics; and required invention to devise the techniques, abstractions, apparatus, and organization for exhibiting the regularities and securing their law-like descriptions." —p.vii, J. L. Heilbron, (2003, editor-in-chief). The Oxford Companion to the History of Modern Science. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-511229-6.
  7. ^ science. Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. Merriam-Webster, Inc. [2011-10-16]. (原始内容存档于2019-09-01). 3 a: knowledge or a system of knowledge covering general truths or the operation of general laws especially as obtained and tested through scientific method b: such knowledge or such a system of knowledge concerned with the physical world and its phenomena 

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物質科學
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