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無社會性

無社會性(英語:Asociality )指的是缺乏参与社會關係的動力或傾向獨自活动。除無社會性外,发展心理学家也會使用相似的同义词,如:非社會性(nonsocial)、不合群(unsocial)以及社會無感(social uninterest)等。無社會性與反社會行為完全不同,但並不衝突、可能同時發生;反社會行為是指對他人或一般社會秩序積極的厭惡或對抗。無社會性者也時常是具有内向性人格特質者,而极端的無社會性可能會出現多種的临床狀況。

無社會性可以被視為一種表達不同意見的方式,因此不一定是一種完全负面的社会特徵。在耆那教道教天主教东正教佛教苏非主义和一些神祕主義中,無社會性被視為其宗教或僧侶的理想表現。

内向

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内向是一種「心理或精神生活完全或著重於關注自己或指對自己感興趣」的狀態或趨勢[1]。一些受大眾文學的作家將內向特質描述為「那些透過減少人際關係並使用反思集中能量的人們[2]」,因此內向性格也是一種造成無社會性的原因。

精神病理學

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精神分裂症

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精神分裂症也稱為思覺失調症,這種病症有5種主要的消極症狀,無社會性便是其中之一,其他則包括情感或情緒淡然(Reduced affect display)、貧語症(Alogia)、享樂不能(Anhedonia)和動機缺乏(Avolition)。由於缺乏對於創造社會關係的期望,社交退縮的情況在在精神分裂症的患者中很常見[3][4]

參見

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参考文献

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  1. ^ Definition of INTROVERSION. www.merriam-webster.com. [2018-09-25]. (原始内容存档于2020-11-13) (英语). 
  2. ^ Helgoe, Laurie A. Introvert Power: Why Your Inner Life Is Your Hidden Strength. Sourcebooks, Inc. 2013-02-01 [2018-09-25]. ISBN 9781402280894. (原始内容存档于2018-09-25) (英语). 
  3. ^ Carson, Verna Benner. Mental health nursing : the nurse-patient journey 2nd ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. 2000. ISBN 0721680534. OCLC 41528003. 
  4. ^ Hirsch, Steven R.; Roy), Weinberger, Daniel R. (Daniel. Schizophrenia 2nd ed. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell Science. 2003. ISBN 0632063882. OCLC 50803907. 
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無社會性
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