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無水芒硝

無水芒硝
基本資料
類別硫酸鹽礦物
化学式Na2SO4
IMA記號Thn[1]
施特龙茨分类7.AC.25
晶体分类雙錐體 (mmm)
H-M記號:(2/m 2/m 2/m)
晶体空间群Fddd
晶胞a = 5.86 Å, b = 12.3 Å
c = 9.82 Å; Z = 8
性質
分子量142.04 g/mol
顏色白色、灰白色、黃白色、紅白色、棕白色
晶体惯态在基質上形成殼狀或棱柱狀聚集體
晶系斜方
雙晶{100},{001}相互穿透孿晶;常見於{110},{011}
解理{010}完美,{101}清晰,{100}不完整
断口梯狀,參差狀,鋸齒狀
韌性/脆性
莫氏硬度2.5
光澤玻璃到樹脂光澤
條痕白色
透明性透明
比重2.67–2.7,平均 = 2.68
光學性質雙軸 (+)
折射率nα = 1.471, nβ = 1.477, nγ = 1.484
双折射δ = 0.013
多色性
2V夹角83°
發光性熒光和磷光:短UV=亮白色,長UV=黃綠色
溶解度溶於水
其他特徵鹹味
參考文獻[2][3][4]

無水芒硝(英語:Thénardite)是一種無水硫酸鹽礦物 ,化學式為Na2SO4。它存在於乾旱的蒸發岩環境中,特別是湖泊旱湖。它也以風化和火山噴氣孔周圍的昇華沉積物的形式出現在乾燥洞穴和舊礦井中。它產生在意大利埃特納火山火山洞中。它於1825年在西班牙馬德里先波蘇埃洛斯的埃斯帕蒂納斯鹽場首次被描述,並以法國化學家路易·雅克·特納英语Louis Jacques Thénard(1777-1826)的名字命名。[3]

無水芒硝以正交晶系結晶,通常形成淡黃色、淡紅色至灰白色棱柱狀晶體,但通常存在於塊狀結殼沉積物中。無水芒硝有熒光,在短波UV中呈白色,在長波UV中呈黃綠色。

在潮濕條件下,無水芒硝逐漸吸收水分並轉化為芒硝(Na2SO4·10H2O)。

圖集

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參考資料

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  1. ^ Warr, L.N. IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine. 2021, 85 (3): 291–320 [2022-11-26]. Bibcode:2021MinM...85..291W. S2CID 235729616. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43. (原始内容存档于2023-04-25). 
  2. ^ Thenardite at Webmineral. [2022-11-26]. (原始内容存档于2018-01-15). 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 Thenardite at Mindat. [2022-11-26]. (原始内容存档于2017-12-15). 
  4. ^ Handbook of Mineralogy (PDF). [2022-11-26]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-12-15). 

延伸閱讀

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  • Palache, P.; Berman H.; Frondel, C. (1960). "Dana's System of Mineralogy, Volume II: Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Etc. (Seventh Edition)" John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, pp. 404-407.
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無水芒硝
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