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無學祖元

無學祖元(1226年—1286年9月22日),南宋臨濟宗僧侶,後東渡日本,為日本無學派(佛光派)的始祖。

1226年,出生在南宋明州慶元府(今浙江省寧波市),俗姓許。1237年在杭州浄慈寺出家。約1240年左右,拜無準師範為師,後來繼承了他的衣缽。1262年,遷居東湖的白雲庵。

1275年,元軍入侵南宋,避難於溫州能仁寺。元軍包圍寺院,要殺死無學。無學臨危不亂,作《臨刃偈》一首:「乾坤孤筇卓無地,喜得入空法亦空。珍重大元三尺劍,電光影裏斬春風。」元軍聽後,默然退去。

1278年,日本建長寺住持蘭溪道隆圓寂。應鎌倉時代執權北條時宗的邀請,無學東渡日本,擔任建長寺住持。時宗拜無學為師,自此之後,鎌倉武士紛紛接受佛教信仰。

1281年,元軍入侵日本,書「莫煩惱」三字贈予時宗,鼓勵他抵抗元軍。1282年,無學建立圆覺寺以超度抵抗元軍的戰死者,並成為該寺的開山祖師。

1286年圓寂於建長寺,諡號佛光國師。作有《佛光國師語錄》。

宋元明州东渡日本三高僧
无学祖元 | 明极楚俊 | 竺仙梵仙
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無學祖元
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