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热冲击

热冲击(英語:Thermal shock[1],指热辐射使物体受到局部快速加热。结果是,由于物体各部温度升高速度不同,膨胀程度也不同,故其内部产生应变应力,有些应力可超过脆性固体的强度,而使它断裂。热膨胀系数大的玻璃器皿,局部受热而破裂是一典型例子。

热冲击使物体所产生应力差别大的原因有二:1.物体局部受热速度过快;2.物体的热膨胀系数大。因而,想避免受热冲击导致物体破裂的主要方法有三个方面[2]:1.避免受热冲击,使物体缓慢而均匀受热;2.选用热膨胀系数小的物体;3.选用强度高热导好的材料。

参考文献

[编辑]
  1. ^ Scott L.Swartz, Ceramics having negative Coefficient of thermal expansion,method of making such ceramics and parts made from such ceramics, United States Patent 6066585
  2. ^ T.J. Lue;N.A.Fleck(1998)"The Thermal shock Resistance of solids" Acta Materials 46(13);4755-4768.
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热冲击
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