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滿四

满四(?—1469年),本名满俊,因在家中排行老四,俗称“满四”,明朝陕西固原开城的土官蒙古人

满四是元朝平凉万户把丹的孙子,世代以畜牧、狩猎为业,家资殷富。明宪宗成化三年(1467年),他藏匿通渭县逃避徭役之人,被巡抚陈价追究。明朝参将刘清搜捕时索贿,他不满,与同部李俊密谋。六月,满四聚众数万起事。自称招贤王,李俊称顺理王。陕西总兵任寿、陈价讨伐失利。其侄滿璹奉命带领二十余名随从去搜捕满四,被满四用计拘留。次年四月,满四占领石城(距离平凉千里之外,即唐朝的石堡城)。攻打甘州所、固原所,李俊战死,满四击败刘清、都指挥邢端。杀死明朝将领申澄。聚众两万,震动关中。七月,击败陈价率领三万大军。派兵截道静宁州,夺得甘肃粮饷。明朝把陈价等五位官员下狱治罪。

八月,明宪宗派都御史项忠总督军务,率领总兵刘玉、伏羌伯毛忠领兵陕西三边四镇五万余人围困石城,马文升为都御史陕西巡抚。十月,战斗中,刘玉受伤,毛忠中箭身亡。十一月,项忠率軍救援被满四军队围困的刘玉,断绝城中的水源。满四派杨虎狸出城取水,被俘后投降,入城充当内应。杨虎狸诱骗,满四出城中伏坠马,被俘虏。随后兵败城破,成化五年(1469年),滿四在北京凌迟处死。

参考文献

[编辑]
  • 明史》卷一百七十八·列传第六十六·项忠传
  • 《西征石城记》 明陕西巡抚马文升
  • 《皇明通纪》 明陈建
  • 高文德 主编. 《中国民族史人物辞典》. 
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滿四
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