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水滴

,是極小量的液體單位,能以任何形態出現。

一支簡單的垂直管狀物體,慢慢流動液體到末端,便形成最容易出現的水滴。當氣態水份遇上冰冷的物體表面,冷凝作用便會發生,過度冷卻水蒸氣,霧化成水滴,結的現象也是由於冷凝作用的關係。

數學上,垂直管狀物體末端水滴的最大可承受重量可以此計算:

mg ,又即 W ,為液滴的重量; π 為圓周率; a 為管口半徑; λ 為液體表面張力; α 為接觸角度(液面與剛體接觸點的延伸切線與剛體平面之間的角度)。這個關係是簡單地量度表面張力的基礎,常用於石油工業。

此外,由於水和空氣折射率光線折射反射珠表面,導致彩虹的形成。

液滴的連橫圖

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