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準三段論

準三段論这个术语有时用来描述也算是直言三段论的三段论,但是它有一个前提是单称的,所以不是直言陈述。

例如:

  1. 所有人都是必死的
  2. 苏格拉底是人
  3. 苏格拉底是必死的

在上面的论证中,尽管前提 1 是直言的,前提 2 却是提及一个个体的单称陈述。尽管这是一个有效的逻辑形式,它却不是严格的直言三段论。

当然,曾经建议你把任何单称陈述都转换成直言的。

例如:

  1. 苏格拉底是人
  2. 只有"苏格拉底"一个成员的类的所有成员都是人

上述两个前提被认为是同一的,但是第一个是单称的而第二个是直言的。

传统逻辑三段論
形式直言三段论 | 选言三段论 | 假言三段论 | 复合三段论 | 準三段論 | 统计三段论
其他对立四边形 | 布尔三段论 | 三段论谬论
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準三段論
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