For faster navigation, this Iframe is preloading the Wikiwand page for 淨現值法.

淨現值法

此条目序言章节没有充分总结全文内容要点。 (2017年7月21日)请考虑扩充序言,清晰概述条目所有重點。请在条目的讨论页讨论此问题。

定義

此方法的理論是將投資的未來現金流量,全部折現成投資始日的價值,稱為該投資的現金流量,或稱為淨現值(NPV, Net Present Value)。
假設投資的淨現值為正數,代表該投資的結果可以增加企業價值;反之,如果投資評估的淨現值為負數,代表此投資會減少企業的價值,不應該接受。

淨現值(NPV)通過計算每個投資期間的成本(負現金流)和收益(正現金流)來確定。期限通常為一年,但可以按季度,半年或數月來衡量。在計算每個時期的現金流量後,每個時期的現值(PV)是通過以定期收益率(市場規定的收益率)貼現其未來價值(見公式)來實現的。

當然淨現值為正數仍不代表該接受此投資建議,或許存在其他淨現值更高的投資機會。在多項投資案並陳時,應選擇淨現值最高的投資案。淨現值是多數企業進行投資評估時的依據,因為它將投資期間的所有現金流量納入考慮,並且以折現後的金額做計算。

公式

凈現值 = 未來现金净流量現值-原始投资额现值

  • :第t年净现金流量
  • :基准收益率(或贴现率)
  • :方案计算期

优缺点

優點:

  • 考慮貨幣時間價值
  • 基於現金流量做決策
  • 符合價值可加原則(Value Additivity Principle)
  • 适应性强,能基本满足项目年限相同的互斥投资方案的决策
  • 能灵活地考虑投资风险

缺點:

  • 所采用的贴现率不易确定
  • 不适宜于原始投资额现值不同的独立投资方案的比较决策
  • NPV有时也不能对寿命期不同的互斥投资方案进行直接决策

外部參考

{{bottomLinkPreText}} {{bottomLinkText}}
淨現值法
Listen to this article

This browser is not supported by Wikiwand :(
Wikiwand requires a browser with modern capabilities in order to provide you with the best reading experience.
Please download and use one of the following browsers:

This article was just edited, click to reload
This article has been deleted on Wikipedia (Why?)

Back to homepage

Please click Add in the dialog above
Please click Allow in the top-left corner,
then click Install Now in the dialog
Please click Open in the download dialog,
then click Install
Please click the "Downloads" icon in the Safari toolbar, open the first download in the list,
then click Install
{{::$root.activation.text}}

Install Wikiwand

Install on Chrome Install on Firefox
Don't forget to rate us

Tell your friends about Wikiwand!

Gmail Facebook Twitter Link

Enjoying Wikiwand?

Tell your friends and spread the love:
Share on Gmail Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Buffer

Our magic isn't perfect

You can help our automatic cover photo selection by reporting an unsuitable photo.

This photo is visually disturbing This photo is not a good choice

Thank you for helping!


Your input will affect cover photo selection, along with input from other users.

X

Get ready for Wikiwand 2.0 🎉! the new version arrives on September 1st! Don't want to wait?