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沟湾遗址.
沟湾遗址全称“淅川沟湾新石器时代遗址”,原名“下集遗址”[1], 位于河南省淅川县上集镇张营村沟湾组东面,淅水东岸的二级台地上, 西距淅水约800米,四周环山,处于小盆地之中,该遗址系南水北调中线工程丹江口水库淹没区文物保护项目之一。[2]也是汉江中游地区首次发现的具有“环壕聚落”特征的史前遗址, 填补了该区域史前聚落考古的一项空白。[3]
并入选2008年“河南省五大考古新发现”。[4]
该遗址所在地属于豫西南山区, 向东大约50千米是南阳盆地, 从这里可进入豫中地区,古代水运发达时期,自西北透过丹江可进入陕南和关中平原,自西南透过汉江则可进入鄂西北和江汉平原, 是连接黄河与长江中游文化区块的枢纽地带。
[5]两大文化区在相同时期的交流和融合, 在这里表现得比较明显。
遗址东西长约310米,南北宽约190米,总面积约6万平方米。文化层堆积厚3米到8.5米,地层堆积以遗址为中心向边缘地带倾斜,以新石器时代堆积为主,整理后发现,新石器时代堆积的遗存由多到少分别由仰韶文化、屈家岭文化、石家河文化和王湾三期文化四个时期组成。
新石器时代遗存发现窖穴和灰坑375座、房址123座、瓮棺76座、竖穴土坑墓96座、烧土堆积15个、沟15条、灶1座、陶窑2座、道路1条以及大量的陶、石、骨角器。[2]
- ^ 淅川下集新石器时代遗址发掘报告. 《中原文物》. 1989年, (1期): 1–19页.
- ^ 2.0 2.1 河南淅川沟湾遗址. 中国文物报社. 2009-02-17. [永久失效連結]
- ^ 靳松安. 略论淅川沟湾遗址的仰韶文化遗存. 《华夏考古》. 2010年, (3期): 49–54页.
- ^ 河南首评年度“五大考古新发现”. 光明日报. 2009-03-18. [永久失效連結]
- ^ 马保春、杨雷. 新石器时代晚期鄂豫陕间文化交流通道的初步研究. 《江汉考古》. 2007年, (2期): 42–51页.
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