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泰國咖哩

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泰式青咖喱酱的配料

泰國咖哩泰國羹是泰國的多種用醬料調製的濃湯的統稱。其泰語名แกงkaeng)與漢語的同源,[1]而泰語中的咖哩(กะหรี่kari)則特指印度風味的咖哩或其衍生品,如咖哩粉ผงกะหรี่phong kari)、咖哩羹(แกงกะหรี่kaeng kari)。[2]

常見種類

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  • 綠咖哩,或稱甘綠羹(แกงเขียวหวานkaeng khiao wan)。
  • 黃咖哩,或稱咖哩羹(แกงกะหรี่kaeng kari),較流行的是黃咖哩雞(แกงกะหรี่ไก่kaeng kari kai)。
  • 酸咖哩,或稱酸羹(แกงส้มkaeng som)、黃羹(แกงเหลืองkaeng lueang)。
  • 紅咖哩(แกงคั่วkaeng khua),其醬料加以修改便可用於調製其它紅咖哩,包括:[3]
    • 稠紅咖哩(ฉู่ฉี่chuchi),與紅咖哩類似,但使用椰奶油而非椰奶烹煮,因而更濃稠。[4]
    • 辣紅咖哩,或稱辣羹(แกงเผ็ดkaeng phet),其醬料在紅咖哩醬的基礎上加上孜然芫荽子等香辛料,用椰奶烹煮。
    • 濃紅咖哩(พะแนงphanaeng),與辣紅咖哩類似,但通常再加上烤花生,並且使用椰奶油烹煮,因而更醇厚濃稠。
    • 叢林咖哩,或稱叢林羹(แกงป่าkaeng pa),用水烹煮,不使用椰奶或椰奶油。
    • 𩷶咖哩,或稱𩷶魚羹(แกงเทโพkaeng the pho),原始版本配以拉氏𩷶魚肉(ปลาเทโพpla the pho),但現在常用豬肉替代,做成豬肉𩷶咖哩(แกงหมูเทโพkaeng mu the pho)。其它配料包括蕹菜泰國青檸等。[5]“𩷶咖哩”在泰語中諧音“捉弄警察”,因此在2020年泰國示威中被用作暗語,在新聞稿中常被拼成kaeng tae po,翻譯成“泰式辣咖哩”,但這只是泰式辣咖哩的其中一種。[6]
  • 瑪莎曼咖哩,或稱穆斯林羹(แกงมัสมั่นkaeng matsaman),通常為清真菜,但非穆斯林偶爾會使用豬肉作為食材。
  • 魚雜咖哩,或稱魚雜羹(แกงไตปลาkaeng tai pla),除了咖哩醬,魚雜咖哩還加入了魚雜醬(ไตปลาtai pla,直譯為魚腎),由發酵的魚雜(特別是魚)製成。[7]
  • 涼咖哩,或稱涼羹(แกงเลียงkaeng liang),一種以蔬菜為主料的溫和咖哩。“涼”(เลียงliang)在泰語中意思是不辣。[8]
  • 假蒟咖哩,或稱假蒟羹(แกงแคkaeng khae),配料中有假蒟叶(ผักแคphak khae)。[9]

參考資料

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  1. ^ Downer, G.B. Chinese, Thai, and Miao-Yao. Shorto, H.L. (编). Linguistic Comparison in South East Asia and the Pacific (PDF). School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. 1963: 133–139 [2020-09-13]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2016-03-04). 
  2. ^ กะหรี่. thai-language.com. [2020-09-13]. (原始内容存档于2020-11-25). 
  3. ^ Advance Authentic Thai Red Curry Paste, Kaeng Panang, Kaeng ChuChee, Kaeng Phed and Jungle Curry Paste – Thai Curry Episode VII. The High Heel Gourmet. 2013-09-15 [2021-01-31]. (原始内容存档于2020-12-03). 
  4. ^ Authentic Thai Red Curry with Seafood, Kaeng Choo Chee – Thai Curry Episode VIII. The High Heel Gourmet. 2013-09-22 [2021-01-31]. (原始内容存档于2020-11-29). 
  5. ^ Gaeng Tay Poe. Importfood. [2021-01-31]. 
  6. ^ 才剛獲准保釋 泰2學運領袖又被捕. 光明日報. 2010-10-21 [2021-02-01]. 
  7. ^ ไตปลา. thai-language.com. [2021-01-29]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-03). 
  8. ^ เลียง. thai-language.com. [2021-02-01]. (原始内容存档于2020-12-05). 
  9. ^ Chaveerach, Arunrat; Mokkamul, Piya; Sudmoon, Runglawan; Tanee, Tawatchai. Ethnobotany of the Genus Piper (Piperaceae) in Thailand. Ethnobotany Research and Applications. 2006-12-31, 4 (0): 223–231 [2021-02-01]. ISSN 1547-3465. (原始内容存档于2019-08-06) (英语). 
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泰國咖哩
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