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泡芙

泡芙
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奶油泡芙
别称Profiterole(英國)
Cream puff(美國)
choux à la crème(法國)
类型奶黃
主要成分花結酥皮
充填物:生奶油奶黃冰淇淋
泡芙

泡芙(Profiterole / Cream Puff),台湾又称「奶油空心饼」[1],是一种源自法国的球形糕點。常見的泡芙会从蓬松张孔的面皮中包裹鮮忌廉巧克力冰淇淋。里面包裹的材料是通过注射或者将顶部撕破后加进去的;後者的顶部往往需要被其他食材取代。在泡芙的包裹的上面还可以撒上糖粉、果冻、水果或者巧克力。而根據充填的餡料不同,泡芙在不同地方也有許多不同異稱。[2][3][4][5]

歷史

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英文中泡芙有profiteroleprophitroleprofitrolleprofiterolle等的異稱[6],是借用法語產生的名詞,這些名字在1604年就已出現,但是原本它們所指涉的意思已經無從查考。

泡芙的雛形是以一種曾搭配湯的鹹麵包出現,內餡是肉泥、乳酪等等[7];十七世紀的食譜又把它稱作「Potage de profiteolles」。[8]一直到十九世紀,profiterole才被確定用來代表「泡芙」。[6]儘管可以確定泡芙最初源自法國,泡芙也是直布羅陀代表性的美食之一。[9]

而現今常見的「奶油泡芙」最遲在1851年的美國就已出現。[10]

參見

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參考資料

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  1. ^ 勞動力發展署技能檢定中心. 技術士技能檢定烘培食品丙級(西點蛋糕項)術科測試應檢人參考資料 (PDF). 勞動力發展署技能檢定中心. [2022-05-02]. [失效連結]
  2. ^ Carole Bloom. The Essential Baker: The Comprehensive Guide to Baking with Chocolate, Fruit, Nuts, Spices, and Other Ingredients. John Wiley and Sons. 2 March 2007: 433– [15 June 2011]. ISBN 978-0-7645-7645-4. (原始内容存档于2020-09-28). 
  3. ^ Michael Ruhlman. Ratio: The Simple Codes Behind the Craft of Everyday Cooking. Simon and Schuster. 7 April 2009: 46– [15 June 2011]. ISBN 978-1-4165-6611-3. (原始内容存档于2020-09-30). 
  4. ^ Good Housekeeping Magazine; Good Housekeeping. The Good Housekeeping Illustrated Cookbook: America's Bestselling Step-by-Step Cookbook, with More Than 1,400 Recipes. Hearst Books. 28 December 2001: 512– [15 June 2011]. ISBN 978-1-58816-070-6. (原始内容存档于2020-09-27). 
  5. ^ Glenn Rinsky; Laura Halpin Rinsky. The Pastry Chef's Companion: A Comprehensive Resource Guide for the Baking and Pastry Professional. John Wiley and Sons. 14 February 2008: 228– [15 June 2011]. ISBN 978-0-470-00955-0. (原始内容存档于2020-08-21). 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 profiterole. 牛津英語詞典 (第三版). 牛津大學出版社. 2005-09 (英语). 
  7. ^ Prosper Montagné, Larousse Gastronomique, 1st edition, 1938, s.v.
  8. ^ Alfred Franklin, La vie privée d'autrefois. Arts et métiers, modes, mœurs, usages des Parisiens du (boring )XIIe au XVIIIe siècle: La Cuisine, Paris 1888, quoting from François Pierre La Varenne, 1651
  9. ^ Gibraltar: 7 reasons why you should pay it a visit. BT.com. [2017-05-20]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-24) (英语). 
  10. ^ "Revere House" restaurant, Boston, menu dated May 18, 1851: "Puddings and Pastry. ... Cream Puffs"页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). Digitalgallery.nypl.org. Retrieved on 2011-06-15.
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泡芙
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