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沼王鱷屬

沼王鱷屬
化石时期:上新世-更新世, 5.332–0.012 Ma
Paludirex vincenti
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 爬行綱 Reptilia
目: 鳄目 Crocodilia
演化支 馬氏鱷類 Mekosuchinae
属: 沼王鱷屬 Paludirex
Ristevski et al., 2020
模式種
Paludirex vincenti
Ristevski et al., 2020
其他種
  • P. gracilis (Willis & Molnar, 1997; formerly Pallimnarchus)
異名
  • Crocodylus pallimnarchus Sill, 1968 (in part)
  • Pallimnarchus pollens De Vis, 1886 (in part)

沼王鱷屬學名Paludirex,意思為「沼澤之王」),為已滅絕的馬氏鱷亞科鱷魚,棲息於上新世更新世的澳洲。化石發現於昆士蘭州西北部的里弗斯利化石庫英语lagerstätte。沼王鱷屬於中等體型的鱷魚,體長可達4米(13英尺)[1][2]。牠們具有側面有鋸齒的大顆錐狀齒,且具有寬大的吻部,這讓沼王鱷得以潛伏於淺水中埋伏獵物[3]

沼王鱷屬下有2種:模式種Paludirex vincenti,由喬爾·里斯捷夫斯基(Jorgo Ristevski)與其同事於2020年發表;以及 Paludirex gracilis,最初由保羅·威利斯與雷夫·莫納英语Ralph E. Molnar於1997年發表,並被里斯捷夫斯基與其同事移到本屬之下。兩個物種最早屬於 Pallimnarchus(意思為「所有沼澤的統治者」),由查理斯·沃爾特·德·維斯於1886年根據數個磷灰石礦化的化石碎片選為是選定模式標本進行發表,這些化石碎片後來被證實來自於不同的物種拼湊而成[4]。由於選定模式標本大多均已遺失,里斯捷夫斯基與其同事認為剩下的部分缺乏可辨認的獨特特徵,因此將屬名 Pallimnarchus 與其模式種 Pallimnarchus pollens 視為是疑名,並將原先被認為屬於 P. pollens 的顱骨化石重新命名為 Paludirex vincenti 並歸納到新屬沼王鱷屬之下[1]

參考文獻

[编辑]
  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Ristevski, J.; Yates, A.M.; Price, G.J.; Molnar, R.E.; Weisbecker, V.; Salisbury, S.W. Australia’s prehistoric 'swamp king': revision of the Plio-Pleistocene crocodylian genus Pallimnarchus de Vis, 1886. PeerJ. 2020, 8: e10466. doi:10.7717/peerj.10466. 
  2. ^ Molnar, R.E. Dragons in the dust: the paleobiology of the giant monitor lizard Megalania. Bloomington and Indianapolis, IN: Indiana University Press. 2004: 172. ISBN 0-253-34374-7. 
  3. ^ Willis, P.M.A.; Molnar, R.E. A Review of the Plio-Pleistocene crocodilian genus Pallimnarchus. Proceedings and Journal of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. 1997, 117: 223–242. 
  4. ^ De Vis, C.W. On remains of an extinct saurian. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland. 1886, 2: 181–191. 
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沼王鱷屬
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