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油页岩气

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油页岩气是一种由油页岩高温热解得到的合成气。虽有时也被称作页岩气,但却有别于通常所指的产自页岩缝隙的天然页岩气。

来源

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油页岩气来自于油页岩的干馏(高温热解)。在热解过程中,油页岩分解为冷凝页岩油、不可压缩的可燃油页岩气,以及固态残渣。油页岩气作为一种副产品,其产出比率会受到干馏温度的影响,温度越高,产出率越大。

组成

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油页岩气没有确切的化学式,其具体组成取决于油页岩的种类和加工工艺。油页岩气典型组成是甲烷氢气一氧化碳二氧化碳氮气和各种烃类(例如乙烯),也会含有硫化氢和其他杂质。

应用

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油页岩气可以作为天然气的替代品,在19世纪和20世纪初开始被用作照明气。20世纪20年代,塔林塔尔圖的天然气加工厂开始生产油页岩气作为民用煤气。另外,油页岩气作为页岩油生产过程中的副产品,常被用作燃料气以提供油页岩热解所需的高温。

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油页岩气
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