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氾勝之

氾勝之(?—?),今山東曹縣人,西漢農學家。著有《氾勝之書》。

生平

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氾氏本姓凡,亂時避地氾水,因改姓氾。[1]氾勝之家庭和穆。[2]漢成帝時為議郎,[3]曾任輕車使者,[4]在都城長安附近(今陝西關中地區)指導農業生產,後升任為御史[5]他總結黃河流域的農業生產經驗,創造精耕細作的區田法,另有溲種法、穗選法、嫁接法等。著有《氾勝之書》十八篇,[6]是現存唯一尚有大量佚文可見的西漢農學著作。

注釋

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  1. ^ 廣韻》下平聲卷第二「凡」字︰「氾,國名。又姓,出燉煌濟北二望。皇甫謐云︰本姓凡氏,遭秦亂,避地於氾水,因改焉。漢有氾勝之,撰書言種植之事。子輯爲燉煌太守,子孫因家焉。又音汎。」西漢濟北郡約當今山東省河北省境內。而氾水是濟水之流,在今山東曹縣以北流過,與定陶對境。
  2. ^ 文選‧褚淵碑文》注引王隱《晉書》︰「氾勝之穆敦九族。」
  3. ^ 漢書‧藝文志》「氾勝之十八篇」班固自注。
  4. ^ 晉書‧食貨志》晉元帝太興元年︰「昔漢遣輕車使者氾勝之督三輔種麥,而關中遂穰。」
  5. ^ 《漢書‧藝文志》「氾勝之十八篇」顏師古注引劉向別錄︰「使教田三輔,有好田者師之,徙為御史。」
  6. ^ 《漢書‧藝文志》著錄氾勝之十八篇。《隋書‧經籍志》、《舊唐書‧經籍志》、《新唐書‧藝文志》均著錄《氾勝之書》二卷。
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氾勝之
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