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水晶兰科

水晶兰科
松下兰Monotropa hypopitys Linn.)
科学分类 编辑
界: 植物界 Plantae
演化支 维管植物 Tracheophyta
演化支 被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支 真双子叶植物 Eudicots
演化支 菊类植物 Asterids
目: 杜鹃花目 Ericales
科: 水晶兰科 Monotropaceae
Nutt., 1818

参见正文

水晶兰科(Monotropaceae)共有1015,分布于全球温带热带的山区,生育環境分佈於海拔1500-3000公尺以上,常見於冷涼潮濕的針闊葉混合林間。中国有4属5种,生长在西南至东北一带。

水晶兰科植物为无叶草本异养植物,没有叶绿素,故不行光合作用,依靠寄生于它的根上的真菌提供营养来源;其上覆以鳞片;五至六月間由莖頂處抽苔出白色長鍾形小花,两性,辐射对称,花萼2-6裂,花瓣3-6,分离或合生;果实蒴果种子微细。

[编辑]
  • 赯晶兰属 Allotropa Torr. et Gray
  • 拟水晶兰属 Cheilotheca
  • 合瓣晶兰属 Hemitomes Gray
  • 水晶兰属 Monotropa L.
  • 假水晶兰属 Monotropastrum
  • 香晶兰属 Monotropsis Schwein. ex Ell.
  • 毛晶兰属 Pityopus Small
  • 黄晶兰属 Pleuricospora Gray
  • 松滴兰属 Pterospora Nutt.
  • 血晶兰属 Sarcodes Torr.

1981年的克朗奎斯特分类法将本科列入杜鹃花目,1998年根据基因亲缘关系分类的APG 分类法和2003年经过修订的APG II 分类法认为不应该单独分出一个,将其合并到杜鹃花科中。

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水晶兰科
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