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正交补

线性代数泛函分析数学领域中,内积空间 V子空间 W正交补(英語:orthogonal complement正交W 中所有向量的所有 V 中向量的集合,也就是

正交补总是闭合在度量拓扑下。在希尔伯特空间中,W 的正交补的正交补是 W闭包,就是说

如果 A 是 矩阵,而 , 分别指称列空间行空间零空间,则有

巴拿赫空间

[编辑]

在一般的巴拿赫空间中有自然的类似物。在这种情况下类似的定义 W 的正交补为 V对偶的子空间

它总是 的闭合子空间。它也有类似的双重补性质。 现在是 的子空间(它同一于 )。但是自反空间有在 之间的自然同构 。在这种情况下我们有

这是哈恩-巴拿赫定理的直接推论。

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正交补
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