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梅达岛 (土卫六)

克拉肯海中的梅达岛雷达图像(正下方略右)

梅达岛(Mayda Isula)是土星最大的卫星土卫六上,一座坐落在主要由液体甲烷组成的克拉肯海中的岛屿,它是第一座在地球以外的行星或卫星上命名的岛屿。

发现和命名

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梅达岛是由“卡西尼-惠更斯号”土星任务所发现,2008年4月11日,其命名被国际天文联盟行星系命名工作组正式批准接受[1],成为地球外天体上第一座命名的岛屿,也是最大的一座岛屿[2]。但美国宇航局指出,尚不能完全排除梅达岛实际上是一座半岛(即通过一条狭长的地带与大陆相连)的可能性[3]。土卫六上所有岛屿都以传说中的岛屿命名,“梅达岛”源自传说中存在于大西洋东北部的一座小岛,这一名称与克拉肯海和丽姬亚海在同一天获得批准[1]

特征

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梅达岛坐落在土卫六北极附近的克拉肯海北端[4],该岛屿南北两端纬度分别为北纬77.4度和北纬80.3度,而东西两侧经度则分别是西经302.7度和西经321.2度[5],岛屿最宽处168公里(104英里)[5],其面积约为90×150公里(56×93英里),大小与夏威夷大岛大致相同[3]

梅达岛上最高点大约高于海岸线1200米(3900英尺)[6],而岛体坡度则相对较缓,平均约为1.5度,但某些地区可能接近5度[6]。土卫六表面雷达图像显示,有证据表明梅达岛的海岸正受到河流湖泊作用的影响[7]。对这些河流特征的分析表明,梅达岛大约有2公里3的物质已被侵蚀并沉积在克拉肯海盆地的其他地方[7]

通俗文化

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梅达岛在迈克尔·卡罗尔(Michael Carroll)的小说《土卫六最远海洋的海岸:一部科学小说》中扮演了重要角色,该书第39章的标题是“梅达岛的驼背”[8]

另请查看

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参考资料

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  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 Titan Mare and Insula Names. Astrogeology Science Center. USGS. April 11, 2008 [June 28, 2017]. (原始内容存档于2021-12-04). 
  2. ^ Nomenclature Search Results, Feature Type: Insula, insulae. Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. International Astronomical Union (IAU) Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN). [June 28, 2017]. (原始内容存档于2021-12-04). 
  3. ^ 3.0 3.1 PIA09180: Titan: Larger and Larger Lakes. Photojournal. NASA/JPL-Caltech. February 27, 2007 [June 28, 2017]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-20). 
  4. ^ Jaumann, R.; Kirk, R. L.; Lorenz, R. D.; Lopes, R. M. C.; Stofan, E.; Turtle, E. P.; Keller, H. U.; Wood, C. A.; Sotin, C.; Soderblom, L. A.; Tomasko, M. Geology and Surface Processes on Titan. Brown, R.; Lebreton, J. P.; Waite, J. (编). Titan from Cassini–Huygens. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer: 75–140. 2009. ISBN 1402092156. 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 Mayda Insula. Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature. International Astronomical Union (IAU) Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN). April 11, 2008 [June 28, 2017]. (原始内容存档于2021-12-04). 
  6. ^ 6.0 6.1 Kirk, R. L.; Howington-Kraus, E. Radargrammetry on three planets (PDF). The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. 2008, 37 (B4): 973–980 [2021-12-04]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2021-12-04). 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 Aharonson, O; Hayes, A. G.; Hayne, P. O.; Lopes, R. M.; Lucas, A.; Perron, J. T. Titan's surface geology. Müller-Wodarg, I.; Griffith, C. A.; Lellouch, E.; Cravens, T. E. (编). Titan: Interior, Surface, Atmosphere, and Space Environment. Cambridge Planetary Science 14. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press: 63–101. 2014. ISBN 1139618962. 
  8. ^ Carroll, Michael. On the Shores of Titan's Farthest Sea: A Scientific Novel. Heidelberg, Germany: Springer. 2015. ISBN 3319177591. 
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梅达岛 (土卫六)
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