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梁如鵠.
梁如鵠(越南语:Lương Như Hộc/梁如鵠,1420年—1501年)為安南後黎朝長津縣(今海陽省嘉祿縣)紅蓼村人,曾二度出使中國明朝,帶回雕版刻字技術,因而被遵奉為越南刻字業的祖師爺。
梁如鵠於後黎朝大和元年(1443年,明正統8年)長津縣(今海陽省嘉祿縣)紅蓼村出身。黎太宗(1434-1442)壬戌科(1442)及第,取得第一甲第三名為探花。後來,他奉命出使明朝,過程中學習了中國的雕版刻書技術。返國後傳授給鄉人,依樣刻經、史等書籍以印行流通。延寧6年(1459年,明天順3年)再度出使明朝,帶回了更純熟的技術,使得長津縣的刻工名滿越南天下。因此,梁如鵠遂被刻工們遵奉成刻字祖師爺,被當地人立廟供奉並被封為「梁大王」[1]。
後黎朝時期,越南運用雕版印刷技術大量刻印經史書籍。黎太宗、黎聖宗先後頒布《四書大全》版、五經版,黎聖宗甚至詔求遺書以藏於秘閣,故先代之抄本書往往間出。後黎朝最繁盛的時期當屬黎聖宗統治時期,同時也是雕版印刷技術在越南最發達的時期。大量書版出現,特於文廟造庫儲藏。此後越南印刷業獲得長足的發展,一切歸功於梁如鵠。
- 《張秀民印刷史論文集》,張秀民著,印刷工業出版社,1988年。
- 《明代的中越文化交流》,何孝榮著。
- ^ 《梁大王》抄本,越南漢喃院館藏,編號VHv.1845
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| 第一甲 勅賜進士及第 共3名 | |
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| 第二甲 勅賜進士出身 共7名 | 陳文徽 - 黃莘夫 - 阮 鵠 - 武 覽 - 阮有孚 - 范 琚 - 陳伯齡 |
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| 第三甲 勅賜同進士出身 共23名 | 吳士連 - 阮維則 - 阮居道 - 潘 員 - 阮 達 - 裴 祐 - 范如忠 - 陳 當 - 吳世裕 - 曲有誠 - 黎 霖 阮善積 - 阮 誼 - 鄭鐵長 - 陳 磐 - 阮國傑 - 阮 美 - 鄭克綏 - 阮 逷 - 裴雷甫 - 黎 球 - 黎 顯 - 阮原稹 |
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| 前一科:順天四年宏詞科 · 後黎朝首開進士科 · 後一科:大和六年戊辰科 |
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